삼척탄전 장성일대에 분포하는 하부페름기 장성층 사암의 속성작용

Sandstone Diagenesis of the Lower Permian Jangseong Formation, Jangseong Area, Samcheog Coalfield

  • 박현미 (고려대학교 지구환경과학과) ;
  • 유인창 (고려대학교 지구환경과학과) ;
  • 김형식 (고려대학교 지구환경과학과)
  • 발행 : 1998.10.01

초록

삼척탄전 장성일대에 분포하는 하부페름기 장성층은 사암, 셰일, 탄질 셰일, 및 석탄층이 교호하는 함탄쇄설성 윤회층이다. 이들 장성윤회층내의 사암에 대한 광물조성과 속성상의 연구를 통해 장성층 사암내 속성작용을 이해하기 위한 퇴적암석학적 연구가 시행되었다. 장성윤회층 사암은 60%의 석영(대부분 단결정질 석영)과 36%의 기질 및 교질물로 구성되며, 소량(<4%)의 장석, 암편 및 부수광물이 나타난다. 주요 구성광물로서 단결정질 석영과 기질 및 교결물로서 점토광물이 높은 함량을 차지함으로써, 장성층 사암은 석영질 기질 사암으로 분류되며, 일부 암편질 사암이 나타나기도 한다. 또, 장성층 사암에는 다짐작용, 석영과성장 및 점토광물(일라이트, 카올리나이트 및 녹니석)에 의한 교결화작용, 주요 구성광물의 용해 및 2차 공극 형성, 파이로필라이트의 침전 등을 포함하는 일련의 속성광물공생이 관찰된다. 이러한 속성광물공생은 장성사암의 주요구성광물과 지층수 사이에 일어났던 유기 및 무기 기원물의 상호 반응이 만들어낸 결과로 이해될 수 있다. 즉, 장성층 사암과 교호하는 탄질 셰일 및 셰일층의 속성작용으로부터 생성된 Si, Al 및 유기산은 셰일수와 함께 사암층내로 이동됨으로써 사암내 지층수를 변화시켰으며 이들 지층수는 사암의 주요구성광물과의 반응으로 사암내 석영과성장 및 카올리나이트, 일라이트 등의 자생 점토광물을 침전시켰다. 또, 파일로필라이트의 형성은 유기-무기 상호반응과 직접적인 관련은 없지만, 장성층 사암내 구성광물과 유기산 및 $CO_2$의 반응은 2차 공극을 발달시키고 외부로부터 실리카 풍부한 용액의 유입을 용이하게 함으로써 파이로필라이트의 형성에 간접적인 영향을 준 것으로 판단된다.암류의 암상과 연대, 그리고 동위원소적 특징은 서남 일본 산인 벨트에 분포하는 화강암의 특징과 잘 일치한다. 4) 온정리 화강암의 Sr-Nd 동위원소비는 경상분지와 서남일본 내대에 분포하는 백악기 이후 암체 중 비교적 초생적인 영역에 해당된다.법별로는 돼지고기를 볶기 ($150{\pm}7^{\circ}C$, 3분) 한 결과 균수는 $10^{6}\;CFU/g$ 수준으로 초기보다 약간 감소하였다. 삶기(20분) 한 결과 $60^{\circ}C$에서는 초기와 같은 $10^{7}\;CFU/g$ 수준, $63^{\circ}C$에서는 $10^{6}\;CFU/g$ 수준으로 볶기에서의 균수와 같게 나타났으며, $65^{\circ}C$에서는 $10^{4}\;CFU/g$ 으로 감소하였다. S. typhimurium에 오염된 돼지고기를 위와 같이 볶은것($10^{6}\;CFU/g$)을 사용하여 잡채를 만든 결과 (소요시간 :10{\pm}2분)균수가 $10^{7}\;CFU/g$으로 증가하여 Salmonella 식중독의 발생 위험성이 더욱 커진 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과로 볼 때 돼지고기에서는 S. typhimurium의 증식은 조리과정에 의하여 영향을 받는 것을 알 수 있다. 식중독을 야기할 수 있는 수준으로 오염된 돼지고기를 조리할 때에는 $65^{\circ}C$에서 20분 이상 삶아야만 식중독 발생 예방이 가능한 것으로 사려되었다. 또한 이상과 같은 결과로부터 이 잡채에 대한 위해분석(HA)에서 원재료 고기의 초기

The coal-bearing siliciclastic rocks of the Lower Permian Jangseong Formation, Samcheog coalfield, represent a megacyclothem which shows cyclic repetitions of sandstone, shale, coaly shale, and coals. Petrographic, geochemical, and SEM studies for sandstone samples, and XRD analysis for clay minerals were carried out to understand diagenesis in the sandstones of the Jangseong Formation. The Jangseong sandstones are composed of 60% quartz (mainly monocrystalline quartz) and 36% clay matrix and cement with minor amounts of feldspar, lithic fragments and accessory minerals (less than 4%). Jangseong sandstones are classified mostly as quartzwackes and partly as lithic graywackes according to the scheme of Dott(1964). The textural relationships between authigenic minerals and cements in thin sections and SEM photomicrographs suggest the paragenetic sequence as follows; (1) mechanical compaction, (2) cementation by quartz overgrowth, (3) formation of authigenic clay minerals (illite, kaolinite), (4) dissolution of framework grains and development of secondary porosity, and (5) later-stage pore-filling by pyrophyllite. We propose that these diagenetic processes might be due to organic-inorganic interaction between the dominant framework grains and the formation water. The Al, Si ions and organic acid, derived from dewatering of interbedded organic-rich shale and coals, were transported into the Jangseong sandstones. This caused changes in the chemistry of the formation water of the sandstones, and resulted in overgrowth of quartz and precipitation of authigenic clay minerals of kaolinite and illite. The secondary pores, produced during dissolution of clay and framework grains by organic acid and $CO_2$ gas, were conduit for silica-rich solution into the Jangseong sandstones and the influx of silica-rich solution produced the late-stage pyrophyllite after the expanse of kaolinite. The origin of the solution that formed pyrophyllite is not likely to be the organic-rich formation water based on the observation of fracture-filling pyrophyllite in the Jangseong sandstones, but the process of pyrophyllite pore-filling was indirectly related to organic-inorganic interaction.

키워드

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