Abstract
Thin-film composite reverse osmosis membranes of aromatic polyamides were prepared by the interfacial polymerization. Aromatic polyamides as active skin layer were made from the interfacial polymerization of MPD(m-phenylene diamine) in the aqueous and TMC(trimesoyl chloride) in HCFC(1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane) organic solvent. The performances of the various reverse osmosis composite membranes prepared by changing processing variables were examined. The performance of membrane manufactured by batch system was varied with organic solvent, monomer concentration, dipping time, heat treatment temperature, acid acceptor, ethanol post treatment, and acid post treatment. Ethanol post treatment was the most dominant factors in increasing permeate amount, while the monomer concentration and dipping time were the main factors in increasing selectivity. The spiral-wound module was produced with the membrane prepared at optimum condition of the continuous process. Comparing the performance of this membrane module made here with that of commercial membrane module, the permeate flux was increased by 33% while the rejection was decreased by 5%.
수용상 MPD(m-phenylene diamine)와 유기상 TMC(trimesoyl chloride)를 사용하여 역삼투 복합막의 활성층 고분자인 aromatic polyamide 제조를 행하고 그 성능을 고찰하였다. 또한 polysulfone 다공성 지지막 위에 박막을 회분, 연속식으로 계면중합 제조한 후, 제조변수에 따른 역삼투 성능을 비교하였다. 회분식으로 복합막을 제조한 결과 유기상 용매의 종류, 단량체의 농도와 함침시간, 열처리 온도, 중화제, 알코올 후처리, 산 후처리 등에 의해 다양한 성능을 나타내었다. 이때, 투과량 향상에는 알코올 후처리 효과가, 또 선택도의 향상에는 단량체의 농도와 함침시간이 변수이었다. 최적조건에서 연속식 공정으로 막모듈을 제조하여 NaCl 5,000 ppm, $25kg_f/cm^2$에서 상용막과 비교할때, 투과량은 33% 증가하고 배제율은 5% 감소하였다.
