Risk Factors of Morbidity and Mortality after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

관상동맥우회로 이식술 후 이환과 사망의 위험요인

  • 박창률 (경북대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 이응배 (경북대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 전상훈 (경북대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 장봉현 (경북대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 이종태 (경북대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 김규태 (경북대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실)
  • Published : 1998.12.01

Abstract

Background: Although operative outcome is progressing due to the development of operative techniques and myocardial protection, some patients face an increased morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it has become increasingly important to predict the operative morbidity and mortality. Material and Method: This retrospective study reports the results of risk factor analysis of morbidity and mortality of 137 consecutive patients who were underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery(CABG). Preoperative variables were age, sex, preoperative myocardial infarction, operative priority, left ventricular ejection fraction, obesity and triple vessel disease. Postoperative morbidities were arrhythmia, wound infection, cerebral infarction, prolonged postoperative hospitalization, pneumonia, acute renal failure, prolonged use of ventilator and operative death. Result: The mean age of total patients was 56.7 years, from 27 to 74. The overall mortality was 6.6%(9 of 137) with the mortality of 3.9%(5 of 128) for elective operation, and 44.4%(4 of 9) for emergent or urgent cases. The morbidity of patients over 65 years was stastistically higher than that of under 65 years. Sex distribution showed no difference in morbidity, however operative mortality rate was slightly higher in women (5/41, 12.19%) than in men(4/96, 4.17%). Morbidity of emergent or urgent operation was 100%, much higher than that of the elective operation. Mortality of the patients whose left ventricular ejection fraction was under 50% was higher than that of those over 50%. Conclusion: We concluded that the risk factors of morbidity after CABG were old age above 65 years and emergent or urgent operation, and that risk factors of mortality were low left venticular ejection fraction under 50% and emergent or urgent operation.

배경: 수술수기와 심근보호법의 발달로 인하여 최근 관상동맥우회로 이식술의 수술성적이 향상되고 있지만 술후 사망과 이환에 직면하고 있는 일부 환자들은 점점 증가하고 있어 수술후 이환과 사망에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 대상 및 방법: 저자들은 관상동맥우회로 이식술을 받은 총 137명을 대상으로 술전 위험요인과 술후 이환 및 사망(이하 이환)과의 관계를 후향적으로 조사하였다. 수술전 위험요인으로는 나이, 성별, 술전심근경색, 응급수술, 좌심실박출계수, 비만 그리고 3혈관 질환 등 7개의 변수를 선택하였으며 수술후 이환은 부정맥, 상처감염, 뇌손상, 술후입원기간의 장기화, 폐렴, 급성신부전증, 인공호흡기의 장기간 사용 그리고 수술사망 등으로 하고 이중 하나만 발생하여도 이환이 있다고 간주하였다. 결과: 전체 환자의 평균 나이는 56.7세였고, 27세부터 74세까지의 분포를 보였다. 전체 환자의 수술사망률은 6.6%였고 이중 계획수술은 3.9%(5/128), 응급 또는 긴급수술은 44.4%(4/9)의 사망률을 보였다. 65세 이상의 환자에서 이환율은 65세 미만의 환자보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다. 성별에 의한 이환율의 차이는 없었으나 수술 사망률은 여자(5/41, 12.19%)에게서 남자(4/96, 4.17%)보다 더 높게 나타났다. 응급수술의 이환율은 100%로 계획수술의 환자에서보다 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 술전 좌심실 박출계수가 50% 미만인 환자에서 50% 이상인 환자보다 사망률이 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 결론: 결론적으로 관상동맥우회로 이식술 후 이환의 위험요인은 65세 이상의 고령과 응급 또는 긴급수술이었고 수술사망의 위험요인은 50% 미만의 술전 좌심실 박출계수와 응급 또는 긴급수술이었다.

Keywords

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