Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry (대한소아치과학회지)
- Volume 25 Issue 3
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- Pages.525-532
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- 1998
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- 1226-8496(pISSN)
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- 2288-3819(eISSN)
BEHAVIOR MANAGMENT TECHNICS FOR AUTISTIC CHILDREN : A CASE REPORT
자폐의 정도에 따른 행동조절법의 적용 : 증례보고
- Chung, Saet-Byul (Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University) ;
- Choi, Yeong-Chul (Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University) ;
- Lee, Keung-Ho (Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University)
- Published : 1998.08.31
Abstract
The autism is a complex disorder, characterized language impairment, perceptual-motor difficulties, and social disturbance. The autistic children have hyperactivity, lack of communication' lack of cooperation, inappropriate patient/dentist interaction, so they require professionally recognized behavioral management technique during dental treatment such as behavior modification, phamacological agents, and general anesthesia. A behavior management technique can be chosen by factors such as the severity of autism and possible accompanying disabilities, degree of cooperation, oral and general conditions of children. A non-pharmacological behavior modification may be selected for the autistic children who are able to communicate with dentist with mild dental caries, without compromised medical history. In case of excessively hyperactive, destructive, antisocial, and/or severe communicative disorder, a sedation technic with chloral hydrate, hydroxyzine, midazolam or nitrous oxide gas might to be performed. General anesthesia is preferred for severe communicative and/or behavioral disorder, elder age, excessive dental care need, and living a remote area.
치과의사는 자폐인의 치료시 자폐증의 정도와 의학적 관리가 필수적인 질환, 내과적 병력, 현재 환자가 복용하고 있는 약물등을 고려하여 이에 따라 적절한 행동조절 방법을 선택하여야 한다. 행동조절 방법의 선택시 술자가 선호하는 방법을 우선하기 보다는 환자의 상태와 치과치료시 환자와 보호자가 받는 스트레스를 최우선으로 고려하는 것이 필요하다. 환자의 현증에 대한 적절한 행동조절하의 치과치료도 중요하지만, 그보다 더 중요한 것은 환자가 거부감을 느끼지 않고 치과에 내원할수 있도록 훈련시키는 것과 지속적인 구강위생 관리이므로 보호자를 위한 구강위생 관리교육 및 주기적인 내원에 의한 관리가 필요하다고 생각된다.