Search for Allelopathic Compound in Rice Straw

볏짚에 함유한 생리활성물질 탐색

  • Received : 1997.07.14
  • Published : 1997.12.30

Abstract

When the rice straw mulched, the inhibition of weed growth was observed in the paddy field. If we use these allelopathic effect of decreased weed establishment, we can save labor, and protect environment. Aqueous extract of rice straw were bioassayed using water foxtail seeds to investigate chair effects on the germination and the growth, and to identify allelopathic compounds. The major results obtained were summarized as follows : Aqueous extract was fractioned by solvent, among various fractions, II-3, II-4 fractions inhibited the coleoptile and the radical of water foxtail, by 100%, respectively. There were fumaric acid and 4 unknown organic acids. Seven organic acids including fumaric acid inhibited the growth and germination of water foxtail in $10^{-2}$M solution. One of the most effective allelopathic compounds in rice straw was identified the unknown organic acid, as molecular weight 253, by GC/MS.

볏단이 있던 곳이나 콤바인 수확한 볏짚이 피복된 곳은 잡초 발생인 생육이 감소하는 현상이 관찰되고 있다. 이는 볏짚에 함유한 allelopathic 물질에 의한 것으로 추정되어 볏짚을 80% 메칠알콜로 추출후 둑새풀로 생물검정, 10종의 표준 유기산이 둑새풀의 생육과 발아에 미치는 영향, 볏짚추출물을 silicagel column 으로 분획후 HPLC, GC/MS로 분석한 결과는 아래와 같았다. 1. HPLC분석에 의하여 볏짚에는 fumaric acid와 4종류의 미확인 유기산이 확인되었다. 2. fumaric acid를 포함한 7종의 유기산은 $10^{-2}$의 농도에서 둑새풀의 생육을 상당히 억제하였고 특히 발아를 100-90% 억제시켰다. 3. 볏짚에 함유한 물질중 억제효과가 가장 큰 것은 GC/MS분석에 의하여 II-4-4Rf 0.5에 함유한 물질로 분자량 253인 치환된 유기산인 신물질로 Octadecanoic acid, 2-oxo-, methyl ester에서 methyl ester가 유리된 물질로 추정되었다.

Keywords