동부앙금의 단백질 함량이 Gel화 특성에 미치는 영향

Effect of Cowpea Precipitate Flour Protein on Characteristics of Gel

동부앙금의 단백질 함량이 높을수록 물결합력과 호화 개시 온도는 높았으나 팽윤력과 용해도, 광투과도는 낮은 값을 보였다. 최고 점도와 breakdown은 낮았으나, consistency와 setback은 높은 값을 보였다. 동부겔을 24시간과 48시간 실온에서 저장하면서 실시한 관능검사 결과는 단백질 함량이 높을수록 색깔과 투명도가 더 높은 값을 보였고 저장기간이 길수록 견고성, 응집성, 탄성, 종합적인 맛에서 더 높은 값을 보였으며 기계적 물성 검사 결과는 24시간 저장한 동부겔에서는 견고성, 껌성, 씹힘성의 특성치에서 단백질 함량이 높을수록 유의적으로 높았다. 그리고 48시간 저장한 동부겔에서는 견고성, 응집성, 껌성, 씹힘성의 특성치에서 유의적인 차이를 보였는데 응집성만 단백질 함량이 높을수록 더 낮은 값을 보였다.

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of protein content on the physicochemical properties, gelatinized characteristics and textural properties of cowpea precipitate gels stored for 24 hrs and 48 hrs at room temperature. The contents of protein, total fat, and ash ranged from 0.35%∼1.38%, 0.54%∼0.64%, and 0.21%∼0.25%, respectively. The X-ray diffraction patterns were all Ca-type, showing no difference according to the protein content. Protein content did not make any difference in the blue values of cowpea precipitate. The blue value of cowpea precipitate powder as protein content was decreased. The water-binding capacity of cowpea precipitate powder increased as the protein content increased. Swelling power and solubility of cowpea precipitate powder increased as protein content decreased. The transmittance of cowpea precipitate powder was not different according to the protein content. The initial pasting temperature of cowpea precipitate powder by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and rapid visco analyser (RVA) showed no differences according to the protein content. In sensory evaluation, the color and clarity of cowpea precipitate gels stored for 24 hrs and 48 hrs at room temperature as the protein content increased, and the hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, acceptability were greater when the gels were stored for 48 hrs. Instrumental analyses using a rheometer showed that the hardness, gumminess, and chewiness of cowpea precipitate gels stored for 24 hrs, which was increased as the high protein content increased. For the gels stored for 48 hrs, all other factors are significantly different except cohesiveness as the protein content increased.