마塊莖의 肥大生長에 관한 生理.生態學的 硏究 第3報. 塊莖의 肥大生長에 關與하는 植物生理 活性物質의 檢出

Ecophysiological Studies on Growth and Enlargement of Tubers in Yam III. Detection of activity of the endogenous substances related to the growth and enlargement of tubers.

  • 발행 : 1997.03.01

초록

마 식물체(植物體)를 장일(長日) 및 단일(短日) 조건(條件)으로 일장처리(日長處理)한 각각의 잎으로부터 분리(分離) 정제(精製)한 추출물(抽出物)을 microtuber test로 검정(檢定)하였다. 1. 단일처리(短日處理) 잎에서 얻어진 추출액(抽出液)의 산성(酸性)충과 중성(中性)충의 추출물(抽出物)은 소괴경(小塊莖)의 비대생장(肥大生長)을 촉진(促進)하는 강(强)한 활성(活性)이 인정(認定)되었다. 그리나 장일처리(長日處理) 잎에서는 추출물 활성이 나타나지 않았다. 2. 산성층(酸性層)의 추출물(抽出物)을 활성탄(活性炭) 흡착(吸着) column 으로 정제(精製)하여 각농도의 활성(活性)을 생물검정(生物檢定) (microtuber test)한 결과(結果) 40% 에탈올 용출구의 추출물에서 가장 큰 촉진활성(促進活性)이 나타났다. 3. 포장(圃場)에서 재배(栽培)중인 식물(植物)에서 경시적(經時的)으로 잎을 채취(採取)하여 추출물(抽出物의 활성(活性) 변화(變化)를 검정(檢定)했을 때 괴경(塊莖)의 생장(生長)이 정체(停滯)해 있는 시기(時期)(9월 상순)까지는 활성(活性)이 나타나지 않았으나 9월 중순 이후 활성(活性)이 나타나 10월 상순에는 강한 활성(活性)이 인정(認定)되었다. 이 활성(活性)의 변화(變化)는 괴경(塊莖)의 비대생장(肥大生長) 패턴과 거의 일치(一致)했다. 4. 단일처리(短日處理)한 일에서 얻어진 산성층(酸性層)의 추출물(抽出物)에 다량(多量)의 JA산이 함유(含有)되어 있는 것이 밝혀졌다. 잎 1kg에 포함된 JA산의 양(量)은 $290{\mu}g/kg$으로 추정(推定)되었다. 이상(以上)의 결과(結果)에서 마 괴경(塊莖)의 비대생장(肥大生長)은 단일조건하(單一條件下)의 엽(葉)에 형성(形成)되어진 생리활성물질(生理活性物質)에 의해 기인(起因)될 가능성(可能性)이 큰 것으로 추정(推定)되었다.

Using a bioassay for tuber enlargement activity, which was carried out with culture of microtuber of nodal stem segments in vitro, the endogenous substances was detected from leaves of yam(Diosorea alata L., cv. Solo Yam) treated under the short and the long day length condition. Tuber enlargement activity was found in both the aqueous and ethyl acetate phase of extract obtained from leaves of yams. Those activity was found in both the aqueous and ethyl acetate phase of extract obtained from leaves of yams. Those activities increased under the short day length, whereas not increased under the long day length. Guided by bioassay, the active substances in the ethyl acetate phase were purified by charcoal adsorption chromatography. The result obtained indicated that the 40% ethanol fraction contained the most prominent tuber enlargement activity. In seasonal changes of the leaves, tuber enlargement activity remained almost constant during summer(June-August), but after. the middle of September, the activity increased gradually and then reached a maximum in early October. Jasmonic acid (JA) was isolated with the guidance of microtuber test and identified by gas chromatography. The level of endogenous JA in the leaves of plants was more than $290{\mu}g/kg$ at the 10 hr day length. These results seem evidences for the occurrence of the tuber enlargement activity which is formed in leaves under the short days and transmitted to under ground part to induce growth and enlargement of tuber.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Japanese Journal of Tropical Agriculture v.39 no.1 Ecophysiolohical Studies on Growth and Enlargement of Tuber in Yams (Dioscorea spp.). Ⅰ. Development of bioassay method using microtubers of yams Chang, K. J.;Hayashi, M.
  2. Japanese Journal of Tropical Agriculture v.39 no.2 Ecophysiolohical Studies on Growth and Enlargement of Tuber in Yams (Dioscorea spp.).Ⅱ. Detection of effect of plant growth regulators on growth and enlargement of microthbers of yams Chang, K. J.;Shiwachi, H.;Hayashi, M.
  3. Yams Coursey, D. G.
  4. Amer. J. Bot. v.43 Some factors for tuberization in the potato plant Gregory, E. L.
  5. Kagoshima Univ. Res. Center S. Pac. Occasional Papers no.21 Introduction of tropical plants Hayashi, M.;Sakata, Y.;Tominaga, S.;Taura, S.;Nakamura, M.
  6. Plant Cell Physiol v.32 Possible involvement of jasmonic acid in tuberization of yam plants Koda, Y.;Y. Kikuta
  7. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. v.56 The influences of jasmonic acid methyl ester on microtubules in potato cells and formation of potato tubers Matsuki, T.;H. Tazaki;T. Fujimori;T. Hogetsu
  8. J Plant Growth Regul v.7 Variation in the levels of major free cytokinins and free abscisic acid during tuber development of sweet potato Matsuo, T.;H. Mitsuzono;R. Okada;S. Itoo
  9. The Bulletin of The Faculty of Agriculture no.45 Ecological and Morphological Characterization and General Evaluation of the Introduced Yams (Dioscorea alata L.) Shiwachi, M.;Chang, K. J.;Hayashi, M.
  10. 鹿兒島大學 農學部 學術報告 v.36 稻種子の休眠現象に關する生理學的硏究-とくに發芽抑制物質との關 聯において 林滿
  11. 熱帶農業 v.35 ャムイモ(Dioscorea spp.)の生育ならびに塊莖の肥大生長について第2報. ンロヤム(Dioscorea alata L.)の塊莖の肥大生長におよぼす環境要因の影響 林滿;石畑淸武
  12. 植物の化學 調節 v.28 植物內生形態抑制物質に關する 化學的硏究 幸田泰則;吉原照?
  13. 日作記 v.61 ベレイツイヨ 莖斷片培養法を用いた 數種塊根莖作物の抽出 物 の塊莖形成 活性の比較 中谷誠;幸田泰則