References

1. Computer & Structures v.3 A numerical thermo-mechanical model for the welding and subsequent loading of a fabricated structure Hibbitt, H.D.;Marcal, P.V.
2. Journal of pressure vessel technology, Trans. of ASME v.97 no.3 Thermomechanical analysis of the welding process using the finite element method Friedman, E.
3. ABAQUS user's manual(version 5.5)
4. 대한용접학회지 v.11-3 용접잔류응력 해석을 위한 Heat Input Model 개발 심용래;이성근
5. Computer & Structures v.32 no.2 Predicting residual stress in multipass weldments with the finite element method Free, J.A.;Porter Goff, R.F.D
6. Welding Journal v.71 no.9 Determination of Residual Stresses in Thick Section Weldments Shim Y.L.(et al.)
7. M.S. Thesis, The Ohio State University Development of a PC-based FEM model to predict weld distortion Penso, J.A.
8. Intech R&D, Project report to General Motors Determination of welding induced shrinkage strains for distortion prediction of welded frame structures Tsai, C.L.;Shim, Y.L.
9. Journal of Applied Mechanics v.35 A Path Independent Integral and the Approximate Analysis of Strain Concentration by Notches and Cracks Rice, J.R.
10. International Journal of Fracture v.15 no.4 The Use of the J-integral in Thermal Stress Crack Problems Wilson, W. K.;Yu, I.
11. International Journal of Fracture v.13 no.2 An Integral Associated with the State of a Crack Tip in a Non-elastic Material Blackburn, W.S.;Jackson, A.D.;Hellen, T.K.
12. Engineering Fracture Mechanics v.13 On the Path Independent Integral -J Kishimoto, K.;Aoki, S.;Sakata, M.
13. Engineering Fracture Mechanics v.16 no.3 Elastic-Plastic Analysis of Cracks in Thermally Loaded Structures Aoki, S.;Kishimoto, K.;Sakata, M.
14. International Journal of Fracture v.30 Energy Release Rate along a Three-dimensional Crack Front in a Thermally Stressed Body Shih, C.F.;Moran, B.;Nakamura, T.