Effect of Examination-stress on Nitrogen Metabolism of College Students

시험스트레스가 대학생의 질소대사에 미치는 영향

  • 김미경 (이화여자대학교 식품영양학과)
  • Published : 1996.09.01

Abstract

This study was performed to investigate effects of examination-stress and protein supplementation on nitrogen metabolism and blood protein levels of Korean college students. Experiment was conducted at the beginning of a academic term and during midterm examination. During midterm examination, subjects were classified into two groups randomly : protein supplemental group(male n=6, female n=10) and placebo group(male n=4, female n=9). Protein capsules(2g/day) above 10% of indispensible amino acids requirement estimates were given to supplemental group for 10 days. At the begining of the term, male students(n=12) ingested 223.15mgN/kg/d, excreted 20.7mgN/kg/d in feces, and excreted 94.31mgN/kg/d in urine. Their apparent protein protein digestibility was 90.72%, true N balance was +100.11mgN/kg/d, and the mean maintenance N requirement of mixed Korena diet calculated was 112.13mgN/kg/d. Female students(n=19) ingested 171.44mgN/kg/d, excreted 22.13mgN/kg/d in feces, and excreted 122.92mgN/kg/d in urine. Their apparent protein digestibility was 86.76%, true N blance was + 18.39mgN/kg/d, and the mean maintenance N requirement calculated was 135.31mgN/kg/d. Blood levels of serum total protein, albumin, and BUN were within normal range. During midterm examination, fecal and urinary N excretions of female subjects(n=19) were increased, especially urea N markedly, and urea N/creatinine N ratio was augumented significantly. Apparent protein digestibility of male subjects(n=10) was decreased. Examination-stress showed 8.05mgN/kg/d (7.2%) increase of mean maintenance N requirement in male and 8.55mgN/kg/d(6.3%) increase in female students in comparison with that of the beginning of the term. Serum total protein and albumin levels showed no significant change, but serum transferrin level of female were decreased significantly. During midterm examination, females supplemented with protein capsules(2g/d)had no significant increase in fecal and urinary N excretions.

Keywords

References

  1. 한국인영양권장량 제 6차 개정 한국영양학회
  2. 고려의대잡지 v.5 no.2 한국식이의 소화흡수에 대한 연구 : 주로 단백질,지질 및 당질에 대하여 황우익;주진순
  3. 고려의대잡지 v.10 no.3 한국식이의 소화흡수에 대한 연구 최전도;주진순
  4. 대한민국학술원 논문집(자연과학편) v.23 한국인의단백질 소요량에 대한 연구 : 제 1 보 의무적 질소손실에 대한 연구 주진순
  5. 한국영양학회지 v.18 no.2 한국인의 단백질 소요량에 대한 연구: 제 3 보 한국 혼합식사섭취때의 단백질 소요량에 대하여 임현묵;주진순
  6. 한국영양학회지 v.19 no.3 여대생의 식이내 단백질 종류에 따른 체내 단백질,지방,칼슘 대사및 면역능력에 관한 연구 장비귀;김화영;김숙희
  7. 한국영양학회지 v.20 no.2 정상식이를 섭취하는 여대생들의 질소섭취 및 배설에 관한 연구 김주연;백희영
  8. 한국영양학회지 v.22 no.4 한국 여성의 단백질 섭취수준과 동 · 식물 급원이 체내질소대사에 미치는 영향 곽충실;최혜미
  9. 숙명여자대학교 대학원 박사학위 논문 평상식이와 활동을 하는 여대생들의 단백질과 에너지 대사에 관한 연구 김주연
  10. 고려의대잡지 v.10 no.1 한국식이의 소화흡수에 관한 연구 유오룡;오승호
  11. 한국영양학회지 v.22 no.6 콩단백질과 고기단백질 식이가 인체내 단백질과 칼슘 · 인 · 마그네슘 대사에 미치는 영향 ; 중기간 급식효과 주은정;백희영
  12. 한국영양학회지 v.14 no.4 한국인 단백질 - 열량 소요량에 대한 연구 ; 장기간 급식에 의한 한국식이의 적정성에 대한 평가 주진순
  13. Am J Clin Nutr v.18 Protein metabolism of young men during university examinations Scrimshaw,N.S.;Habicht,J.P.;Piche,M.L.;Cholakos,B.;Arroyave,G.
  14. 대한가정학회지 v.27 no.1 주야교대 여성근로자의 피로도와 영양섭취 실태에 관한 조사 연구 왕수경;김미경
  15. The Stress of Life Seyle,H.
  16. Nutrition ,Stress, and Toxic chemicals Vander,A.J.
  17. Am J Clin Nutr v.48 Influence of stress, depletion,and/or malignant disease on the responsiveness of surgical patients to total parental nutrition Shaw,J.H.F.
  18. Am J Physiol v.241 Stress-induced eating in rats Levine,A.S.;Morley,J.E.
  19. Life Sci v.32 Stress induced differential intake of various diets and water by rats : The role of the opiate system Vaswani,K.;Tejwani,G.A.;Mousa,S.
  20. Science v.209 Stress-induced eating is mediated through endogenous opiates Morley,J.E.;Levine,A.S.
  21. 한국영양학회지 v.23 3대 열량소를 스스로 선택하게 했을때 흰쥐의 식이 선택성향 및 저전류 stress가 이에 미치는 영향 장영애;이기미;김화영
  22. 한국영양학회지 v.27 고 트립토판 식이를 섭취한 마우스에서 immobilization스트레스로 면역변조와 serotonin대사의 변화에 관한 연구 서경원;김해리
  23. 한국영양학회지 v.25 마그네슘 부족식이가 수술받은 쥐의 stress반응에 미치는 영향 손숙미
  24. Am J Clin Nutr v.42 Urinary catecholamines in iron-deficient rats at rest and following surgical stress Groeneveld,D.;Smeets,H.G.W.;Kabra,P.M.Dallman,P.R.
  25. Am J Clin Nutr v.53 Biochemical indices of selected trace minerals in men : Effects of stress Singh,A.;Smoak,B.L.;Patterson,K.Y.;LeMay,L.G.;Veillon,C.;Deuster,P.A.
  26. J Biol Chem v.176 A study of conditions for Kjeldahl determaination of nitrogen in proteins Hiller,A.;Plazin,J.;Van Slyke DD
  27. WHO Technical Report Series No724 Energy and protein Requirements Report of a Joint FAO/WHO/UNU Expert Consultation WHO(World Health Organization)
  28. Selected methods of clinical chemistry v.19 Faulker,W.R.;Meites,S.(ed.)
  29. Clin Chem v.26 Creatine : a review Narayanan,S.;Appleton,H.D.
  30. Methods In Clinical Chemistry Amadeo,J.P.;Lawrence,A.K.
  31. Am J Clin Pathol v.16 An accurate and rapid method for the determination of proteins in small amounts of blood serum and plasma Weichsellbaun T.E.
  32. Clin Chim Acta v.31 Albumin standards and the measurement of serum albumin with bromocresol green Doumas,B.T.;Watson,W.A.;Biggs,H.C.
  33. Clin Chem v.31 A nephelometric system for the Abbott TDx analyzer DeGrella,R.F.;Combs,G.S.;Coffe,E.E.
  34. Clin Chem v.18 Enzymatic kinetic rate and end-point analysis of sustrate by use of a GeM-SAEC fast analyzer Tiffany,T.O.;Jansen,J.M.;Burtis,C.A.
  35. 이화여자대학교 교육심리 학과 박사학위 논문 대학생의 스트레스 현황과 인지 - 행동적 상담의 효과 최해림
  36. Annu Rev Nutr v.6 Metabolic adaption to low intakes of energy and protein Waterlow,J.C.
  37. J Nutr v.103 Protein requirements of man Young,V.R.;Taylor,Y.S.M.;Rand,W.M.;Scrimshaw,N.S.
  38. J Nutr v.112 Protein requirements of young Chinse male adults on ordinary Chin-ese mixed diet and egg diet at ordinary levels of energy intake Haung,P.C.;Lin,C.P.
  39. Am J Clin Nutr v.61 Effect of variable protein intake on whole body protein turnover in young men and women Pannemans,D.L.E.;Halliday,D.;Westerterp,K.P.;Kester,A.D.M.
  40. J Nutr v.112 Effect of dietary fiber components on fecal nitrogen excretion and protein utilization in growing rats Nalini Shan.;Mokhtar,T.A.;Raymond,R.M.Rellet,L.P.
  41. British Journal of Nutrition v.47 Capacity of the chilean mixed diet to meet the protein and energy requirements of young male adults Yanez,E.;Uauy,R.;Baalester,D.;Barrera,G.;Chavez,N.;Guzman,E.;Saitua,M.T.;Zacarias,I.
  42. British Journal of Nutrition v.35 Endogenous nitrogen excretion and utilization of dietary protein Nicol,B.M.;Phillips,P.G.
  43. British Journal of Nutrition v.36 The utilization of dietary protein by Nigerian men Nicol,B,M.;Philips,P.G.
  44. Am J Clin Nutr v.42 Urine nitrogen as an independent validatory mesure of dietary intake : A study of nitrogen balance in individuals consuminng their normal diet Bingham,S.;Cummings,J.H.
  45. J Nutr v.105 Nitrogen balance of men with marginal in takes of protein and energy Calloway,D.H.
  46. Am J Clin Nutr v.35 Effect of varying energy and protein intakes on some biochemical parameters of protein metabolism Iyengar,A.K.;Narasinga Rao BS.
  47. J Nutr v.79 Urinary creatinine as an index of body composition Van Niekerk B.D.H.;Reid,J.T.;Bensadoun,A.;Paladines,O.L.
  48. 한국영양학회지 v.21 no.1 한국여성의 단백질 섭취수준이 질소대사에 미치는 영향 구재옥;최혜미
  49. Am J Clin Nutr v.25 Urinary urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio as indicator of recent protein intake in field studies Simmons,W.K.
  50. Manmalian protein metabolism v.1 Relationship of urea to creatinine on a high and low protein diet Allison,J.B.;Bird,J.W.C.;Munro H.N
  51. Principles of Nutritional Assesment Gibson,R.S.
  52. J Nutr v.109 Nitrogen balance studies in humans : Long-term effect of high nitrogen intake on nitrogen accretion Oddye,E.A.;Margen,S.