Reorganization of Chromatin Conformation from an Active to an Inactive State After Cessation of Transcription

  • Published : 1996.03.01

Abstract

Taking advantage of the heat inducible HSP82 gene in yeast, chromatin structure after transcription cessation was investigated. Alteration of chromating conformation within the HSP82 gene transcription unit into an active state has been shown to correlate with its transcriptional induction. It was thus of interest to examine whether the active chromatin state within the HSP82 mRNA analysis, the gene ceased its transcription within a few hours of cultivation at a normal condition after heat induction. In this condition, an active chromatin conformation in the HSP82 gene body was changed into an inactie state which was revealed by DNase I resistance and by typical nucleosomal cutting periodicity in the corresponding chromatin. These results thus ruled out the possibility of a long-term maintenance of the DNase I sensitive chromatin after transcription cessation. DNA replication may be a critical event for the chromatin reprogramming.

Keywords

References

  1. J. Cell Sci. v.102 Structure and dynamics of transcriptionally active chromatin Ausio, J.
  2. Methods Enzymol. v.154 5-Fluoroorotic acid as a selective agent in yeast molecular genetics Boeke, J.D.;J. Trueheart;G. Natsoulis;G.R. Fink
  3. Mol. Cell. Biol. v.9 hsp82 is an essential protein that is required in higher concentration for growth of cells at high temperature Brokovich, K.A.;F.W. Farrelly;D.B. Finkelstein;J. Taulien;S. Lindquist
  4. Nature v.298 The DNase Ⅰsensitivity of Xenopus laevis genes by RNA polymerase Ⅲ Conveney, J.;H.R. Woodland
  5. J. Biol. Chem. v.259 Complete sequence of the heat shock inducible HSP90 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Farrelly, F.I.;D.B. Finkelstein
  6. Crit. Rev. Eukaryotic Gene Expression v.2 DNA supercoiling in chromatin structure and gene expression Freeman, L.;W.T. Garrard
  7. Nucl. Acids. Res. v.9 Estrogen induces tissue specific changes in the chromatin conformation of the vitellogenin genes in Xenopus Gerber-Huber, S.;B. Felber;R. Weber;G. Ryffel
  8. Trends Biochem. Sci. v.12 Poising transcription for transcription Gross, D.S.;W.T. Garrard
  9. Ann. Rev. Cell. Biol. v.6 Histone function in transcription Grunstein, M.
  10. Transcriptional Regulation Grunstein, M.;L.K. Durrin;R.K. Mannn;G. Fisher-Adams;L.M. Jojnson;Mcknight, S.(ed.);Yamamoto, K.(ed.)
  11. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA v.81 Changing patterns of gene expression during sporulation in yeast Kurtz, S.;S. Lindquist
  12. J. Microbiol. v.33 Induced level of CIN2 transcripts in yeast by cyclohexamide treatment Lee, M.-S.
  13. EMBO J. v.10 Transcription induced nucleosome "splitting" : an underlying structure for DNase Ⅰsensitive chromatin Lee, M.-S.;W.T. Garrard
  14. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA v.89 Uncoupling gene activity from chromatin structure: Promoter mutations can inactivate transcription of the yeast HSP82 gene without eliminating nucleosome free regions Lee, M.-S.;W.T. Garrard
  15. Mol. Cell Biol. v.10 Active β-globin Ggne transcription occurs in methylated, DNase I resistant chromatin of non-erythroid chicken cells Lois, R.;L. Freeman;B. Villeponteau;H.G. Martinson
  16. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA v.76 Organization of spacer DNA in chromatin Lorh, D.;K.E. van Holde
  17. Curr. Genet. v.1 Altered patterns of protein synthesis induced by heat shock of yeast McAlister, L.;S. Strauberg;A. Kulaga;D. Finkelstein
  18. Mol. Cell Biol. v.9 Basal-level expression of the yeast HSP82 gene requires a heat-shock requlatory element McDaniel, D.;A.J. Caplan;M.-S. Lee;C.C. Adams;B.R. Fishel;D.S. Gross;W.T. Garrard
  19. EMBO J. v.8 Nucleosomes inhibit both transcriptional initiation and elongation by RNA polymerase III in vitro Morse, R.H.
  20. Trends Biochem. Sci. v.17 Transcribed chromatin Morse, R.H.
  21. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA v.81 Differential DNase I sensitivity of the albumin and α-fetoprotein genes in chromatin from rat tissues and cell lines Nahon, J.-L.;A. Gal;T. Edros;J. Sala-Trepat
  22. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. v.42 Regulation of gene expression in the chick oviduct by steroid hormones Palmiter, R.S.;E. Mulvihill;S. McKnightp;A. Senear
  23. Mol. Cell Biol. v.9 Interaction between the yeast mitochondrial and nuclear genomes influences the abundance of novel transcripts derived from the spacer region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA repeat Parikh, V.S.;H. Conrad-Webb;R. Docherty;R.A. Butow
  24. Trends Genet. v.1 Activation of heat shock genes in eukaryotes Pelham, H.
  25. Cell v.34 Reversible changes in nucleosome structure and histone H3 accessibility in transcriptionally active and inactive states of rDNA chromatin Prior, C.P.;C.R. Cantor;E.M. Johnson;V.C. Littau;A.G. Allfrey
  26. Nucl. Acids Res. v.13 Rapid transfer of DNA from agarose gels to nylon membranes Reed, K.C.;D.A. Mann
  27. J. Biol. Chem. v.259 Differentiation-dependent chromatin alterations precede and accompany transcription of immunoglobulin light chain genes Rose, S,M.;W.T. Garrard
  28. Cell v.37 Chromatin assembly in Xenopus oocytes: in vivo studies Ryoji, M.;A. Worcell
  29. Molecular Cloning: A laboratory manual(2nd ed.) Sambrook, J.;E.F. Fritsch;T. Maniatis
  30. Cell v.71 Nucleosome disruption at the PHO5 promoter upon PHO5 induction occurs in the absence of DNA replication Schmid, A.;K.-D. Fascher;W. Horz
  31. J. Biol. Chem. v.256 Multiple structural features are responsible for the nuclease sensitivity of the active ovalbumin gene Senear, A.W.;R.D. Palmiter
  32. Biochemistry v.22 Characterization of deoxyribonucleic acid sequences at the 5' and 3' border of the 100 kilobase pair ovalbumin gne domain Strumph, W.;M. Baez.;W. Beattie;M.-J. Tasi;B. O'Malley
  33. Trends Genet. v.9 The structure and assembly of active chromatin Svaren, J.;R. Chalkley
  34. Mol. Cell Biol. v.193 Sharp boundaries demarcate the chromatin structure of a yeast heat-shock gene Szent-Gyorgyi, C.;D.S. Gross;W.T. Garrard
  35. Trends Genet. v.7 Structural changes in nucleosomes during transcription - strip, split or flip? Thoma, F.
  36. J. Biol. Chem. v.267 What happens to nucleosomes during transcription van Holde, K.E.;D.E. Lohr;C. Robert
  37. Cell v.39 Trosional stress promotes the DNase I sensitivity of active genes Villeponteau, B.;M. Lundell;M. Martinson
  38. Cell v.9 A model of chromatin based upon two symmetrically paired half-nuclesomes Weintraub, H.;A. Worcel;B. Alberts
  39. Science v.193 Chromosomal subunits in active genes have an altered conformation Weintraub, H.;M. Groudine
  40. Cell v.77 Transcription: In tune with the histones Wolffe, A.
  41. Nature v.309 Two protein-binding sites in chromatin implicated in the activation of heat-shock genes Wu, C.
  42. CRC Crit. Rev. Biochem. v.21 Structure of transcriptionally active chromatin Yaniv, M.;S. Cereghini