The Photovoltaic Effect of Iodine-Doped Metal Free Phthalocyanine/ZnO System (Ⅰ)

요오드가 도핑된 무금속 프탈로시아닌/산화아연계의 광기전력 효과(Ⅰ)

  • 허순옥 (동국대학교 이과대학 화학과) ;
  • 김영순 (동국대학교 이과대학 화학과) ;
  • 박윤창 (성균관대학교 이과대학 화학과)
  • Published : 19950300

Abstract

Metal free phthalocyanine($H_2Pc$) partially doped with iodine, $H_2Pc(I)x$, has been made to improve photosensitizing efficiency of ZnO/$H_2Pc$. The content of iodine dopant level(x) for $H_2Pc(I)x$ upon $H_2Pc$ polymorphs was characterized as ${\chi}-H_2Pc(I)_{0.92}$ and ${\beta}-H_2Pc(I)_{0.96}$ by elemental analysis. Characterization of iodine-oxidized $H_2Pc$ were investigated by TGA (thermogravimetric analysis), UV-Vis, FT-IR, Raman and ESR (electron spin resonance) spectrum, and the adsorption properties of $H_2Pc(I)x$ on ZnO were characterized by means of Raman and ESR studies. TGA for $H_2Pc(I)x$ showed a complete loss of iodine at approximately 265$^{\circ}C$ and the Raman spectrum of $H_2Pc(I)x$ and ZnO/$H_2Pc(I)x$ at 514.5 nm showed characteristic $I_3^-$ patterns in the frequency region 90∼550 $cm^{-1}$. ZnO/$H_2Pc(I)x$ exhibited a very intense and narrow ESR signal at $g=2.0025{\pm}0.0005$ compared to $H_2Pc$/ZnO. Iodine doped ZnO/$H_2Pc(I)x$ showed a better photosensitivity compared to iodine undoped ZnO/$H_2Pc$. That is, the surface photovoltage of ${\chi}-H_2Pc(I)_{0.92}$/ZnO was approximately 31 times greater than that of ZnO/${\chi}-H_2Pc$ and ZnO/${\beta}-H_2Pc(I)_{0.96}$ was 5 times more efficient than ZnO/${\beta}-H_2Pc$ at 670 nm. And the dependence of photosensitizing effect upon $H_2Pc$ polymorphs was exhibited that the surface photovoltage of ZnO/${\chi}-H_2Pc(I)_{0.92}$ was approximately 5 times greater than ZnO/${\beta}-H_2Pc(I)_{0.96}$ at 670 nm. Therefore Iodine doping of H_2Pc$ resulted in increase in photoconductivity of $H_2Pc$ and photovoltaic effect of ZnO/$H_2Pc$ in the visible region.

무금속 프탈로시아닌/산화아연계의 감광호(photosensitization) 효율을 높이기 위하여 무금속 프탈로시아닌$(H_2Pc)$을 요오드로 도핑[$H_2Pc(I)_x$]하였다. $H_2Pc$ 결정형에 따른 $H_2Pc(I)_x$의 요오드 도핑 함량(x)은 원소 분석한 결과 $X-H_2Pc(I)_{0.92}$이고 ${\beta}-H_2Pc(I)_{0.96}$로 나타났다. $H_2Pc$에 대한 요오드의 도핑특성은 열무게 분석 (thermogravimetric analysis: TGA), UV-Vis, FT-IR 및 Raman 스펙트럼, 그리고 전자스핀 공명(electron spin resonance: ESR)으로 측정하였고, 산화아연에 대한 $H_2Pc(I)_x$의 흡착특성은 라만 스펙트럼 및 ESR로 조사하였다. TGA 분석 결과 $H_2Pc(I)_x$에 존재하는 요오드는 약 265$^{\circ}C$에서 완전히 없어졌고, 514.5 nm로 여기시킨 $H_2Pc(I)_x$$ZnO/H_2Pc(I)_x$의 Raman 스펙트럼에서는 주파수가 90~550 $cm^{-1}$에서 $I_3^-$의 특성 피크가 나타났다. 그리고 $ZnO/H_2Pc(I)_x$$g=2.0025{\pm}0.0005$에서 $ZnO/H_2Pc$보다 아주 강하고 좁은 ESR 신호가 나타났다. 요오드가 도핑된 $ZnO/H_2Pc(I)_x$의 감광화 효과는 요오드가 도핑되지 않은 $ZnO/H_2Pc$보다 높게 나타났다. 즉 670 nm에서 $ZnO/{\chi}-H_2Pc(I)_{0.92}$의 광기전력은 $ZnO/{\chi}-H_2Pc$보다 약 31배 높게 나타났고, ZnO/{\beta}-H_2Pc(I)_{0.96}$$ZnO/{\beta}-H_2Pc$보다 약 5배 높게 나타났다. $H_2Pc$ 결정형에 따른 $ZnO/H_2Pc(I)_x$의 감광화 효과는 670nm에서 $ZnO/{\chi}-H_2Pc(I)_{0.92}$$ZnO/{\beta}-H_2Pc(I)_{0.96}$보다 광기전력이 5배 높게 나타났다. 그러므로 $H_2Pc$가 요오드로 도핑됨에 따라 광전도성이 증가되어 산화아연에 대한 가시부에서의 감광화 효과가 향상되었다.

Keywords

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