농산물 포장용 골판지상자의 층적내구성의 분석과 향상에 관한 연구(I) -수분흡습특성과 압축강도열화-

Improvement and Analysis of Stacking Durability of Corrugated Fiberboard Boxes for Agricultural Products -Moisture Absorption Properties and Compressive Strength Reduction-

Major factors in reducing the stacking strength of corrugated fiberboard boxes in cold storage or transport conditions are high relative humidity, causing elevated moisture absorption by the boxes. The bottom boxes in a stack will deform to the critical deflection causing agricultural products damage there, and eventually additional deflection will cause box collapse and finally toppling of the stack. The study was conducted to determine the water absorption characteristics and the compressive strength of the corrugated fiberboard boxes being widely used in packaging agricultural products in Korea. The sample boxes for the study were selected from the regular slotted containers (RSC) types, and one was the box used in apple packaging (Box A), another one was the box used in pear packaging (Box B). The corrugated shipping containers were made from a large portion of recycled fibers in Korea, and comparing with Box B, Box A was fabricated from fiberboard which contained more percentage of old corrugated containers (OCC) imported from foreign countries than domestic waste paper. The results obtained from the study were summarized as follows ; 1. Equilibrium moisture content (EMC) of the sample boxes was established after about 20 hours, and the EMC by absorption was lower than that by desorption. The EMC increased with the increasing of relative humidity and with the decreasing of temperature, and the rate of increasing was much higher above the relative humidity of 50%. 2. The maximum compressive strength of Box A was about 100 kgf greater than that of Box B on the same enviromental conditions. The strength of the sample boxes decreased rapidly with the increasing of relative humidity. The effect of relative humidity on the strength was a little higher than that of temperature. 3. As the applied load was progressively increased and a level was reached, the vertical side panels ($L{\times}D$) deflected laterally inwards or outwards. The panels deflected laterally inwards at higher relative humidity. 4. The maximum compressive deflection ratio and the critical deflection ratio of the sample boxes were increased linearly with the increasing of relative hunidity, but trends for its ratios showed inconsistant response to temperature.