Construction of a Transformed Yeast Strain Secreting Both $\alpha$-Amylase and Glucoamylase for Direct Starch-Fermentation

A yeast strain secreting glucoamylase was transformed with an expression vector (pMS12) containing the promoter of yeast alcohol dehydrogenase I gene ADC1, mouse salivary $\alpha$-amylase cDNA, and a segment of yeast $21\mu m$ plasmid. The transformed strain could produce ethanol from starch (4%, w/v) through a direct one-step process with the conversion efficiency of 93.2%, during 5 days of fermentation, while the original, untransformed strain exhibited a conversion efficiency of 38.1% under the same condition. When the regulatory site of the ADC1 promoter region was removed, the production of ethanol increased to 29~37% in the presence of exogenous 3%(v/v) ethanol in the fermentation medium.