Effect of Formic acid and Caproic acids on the Quality and Aerobic Deterioration of Reed Canarygrass Silage

Formic acid와 Caproic acid 첨가가 Reed Canarygrass Silage의 품질과 호기적 변패에 미치는 영향

In order to study the effects of silage additive on the quality and in preventing aerobic deterioration, reed canarygrass silages were made with various levels of formic acid, caproic acid and a mixture of the two acids. Preparation of silages cutted into about 1.5 cm length with the forage cutter and packed in vinyl bags(50 kg of capacity, 0.1 mrn of thickness), and it also divided nine types of experimental treatments. Aerobic deterioration in the silages were investigated for 7 days of aerobic exposure periods, and the plastic vessel of diameter 25 cm, a height 30 cm used as a tool. The results obtained from this experiment are summarized as fellow. 1. Crude protein and NFE contents at the time if opening were increased in the silage with mixture of formic and caproic acids(P<0.01). Crude fiber and ADF contents during the 7 days of aerobic exposure periods were the decreased in the sslages with mixture of two acods treatment(P<0.01). 2. Temperature of the silage treated with fromic acid alone during the 2 days of aerobic exposure period reached$34.4^{\circ}C$, while that of the silage with caproic acid and mixture formic and caproic acids were not rapidly increased resulting by reduced aerobic deteriorarion. 3. The pH of silages treated with formic acid alone during 7 days of aerobic exposure was not effectively changed, while solages treated with caproic acid were effectively stabilized. 4. The ratio of amminia nitrogen to total nitrogen was significantly decreased in silages with formic acid>caproic acid>mixture of both in the order(P<0.01). 5. Microbiological population of the silage were positively changed during the 7 days of aerobic exposure period. Solages with formic acid were deteriorated at ensiling observed, while applicarion of 1.2% caproic acid was partially reduced deteriorarion by precenting of the growth moulds.

본 시험은 reed canarygrass silage의 품질을 향상시키고 호기적 변패를 방지시킬 목적으로 재료를 약 1.5cm 길이로 절단하여 formic acid, caproic acid 및 두가지 산을 혼합하여 첨가한 silage를 9개의 처리구로 나누어 실험용 silo에 제조하였으며, silage의 품질분석을 위해서 두께 0.1mm, 용량 50kg의 vinyl bag을 이용하였다. 또한 호기적 상태에서의 온도변화, 질소 함량 변화 및 변패방지를 위한 silage의 안정성 시험은 지름 25cm$\times$높이 30cm의 plastic용기를 이용하여 개봉 직후와 7일간의 호기적 조건에서 실시한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 2. Silage의 화학적 조성에서 개봉 직후의 조단백질과 NFE함량은 formic acid와 caproic acid를 혼합 첨가함으로서 높았으며(P<0.01), 7일간의 호기적 상태에서는 혼합 첨가를 함으로서 조섬유와 ADF함량이 낮게 나타났다.(PM0.01). 2. Silage의 온도변화는 formic acid를 첨가함으로서 개봉 2일에 최고온도($34.4^{\circ}C$)에 도달했으며, caproic acid의 첨가와 formic acid + caproic acid의 혼합첨가를 함으로서 온도상승을 방지할 수 있었다. 3. 호기적 상태에서 silage의 pH변화는 formic acid를 첨가할 경우에는 효과가 없었으나, caproic acid를 첨가함으로서 silage의 pH는 안정되었다. 4. 총 질소에 대한 암모니아태 질소의 함량비율은 formic acid첨가구>caproic acid 첨가구>혼합첨가구 순으로 유의적으로 나타났다(P<0.01) 5. Caproic acid 1.2%첨가와 formic acid의 혼합 첨가(1.2%+1.2%)를 함으로서 mould의 성장을 억제하는 효과가 크게 나타났다.