Antigenicity of Whey Protein Hydrolysates against Rabbit Anti ${\beta}-Lactoglobulin$ Antiserum

토끼 항 ${\beta}-Lactoglobulin$ 항혈청에 대한 유청단백질 가수분해물의 항원성

  • Lee, Soo-Won (Department of Dairy Science, Sung Kyun Kwan University) ;
  • Ha, Woel-Kyu (Central Research Lab., Maeil Dairy Industry Co. Ltd.) ;
  • Juhn, Suk-Lak (Central Research Lab., Maeil Dairy Industry Co. Ltd.) ;
  • Kim, Jung-Wan (Department of Dairy Science, Sung Kyun Kwan University) ;
  • Shon, Dong-Hwa (Division of Food Science, Korea Food Research Institute) ;
  • Lee, Jae-Young (Department of Dairy Science, Sung Kyun Kwan University)
  • Published : 1994.10.01

Abstract

In order to investigate the lowering effects of in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis by the treatment of chymotrypsin, trypsin, pancreatin, or protease from Aspergillus oryzae on the antigenicity of whey protein(WPI) against rabbit anti ${\beta}-LG$ antiserum, competitive inhibition ELISA(cELISA) and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis(PCA) test using guinea pig were performed. The results of cELISA showed that the monovalent antigenicity of the whey protein hydrolysates(WPH) to the antiserum was decreased to $10^{-1.7}{\sim}10^{-4.1}$ and less by the hydrolysis. Especially, the antigenicity of OUP(hydrolysate by protease from Asp. oryzae with preteatment of pepsin) was found almost to be removed. By the heterologous PCA the polyvalent antigenicity of the WPH was decreased to $1/2{\sim}1/128$ and less. Especially, the polyvalent antigenicity of OUN(hydrolysate by protease from Asp. oryzae without preteatments) was found almost to be removed, although OUN did not have so high degree of hydrolysis(DH) or so low monovalent antigenicity (reduced to $10^{-3.2}$). Therefore, this result was assumed to come from effective destruction of antigenic determinants on ${\beta}-LG$ in WPI, not to produce polyvalent antigenic peptides that are closely associated with induction of allergy. This finding suggested that WPH prepared by the treatment of microorganic protease from Asp. oryzae would be a material for hypoallergenic infant formula due to the removal of the polyvalent antigenicity of ${\beta}-LG$, the major milk allergen in WPI.

Chymotrypsin, trypsin, pancreatin, 그리고 Aspergillus oryzae 유래 단백질분해효소의 in vitro 처리에 의하여 유청단백질(WPI)의 가수분해물(WPH)중 ${\beta}-LG$유래의 항원성변화를 조사하기 위하여 토끼 항${\beta}-LG$항혈청을 이용한 competitive inhibition ELISA(cELISA)와 heterologous PCA를 실시하였다. cELISA에 의하여 WPH의 monovalent항원성을 분석한 결과, 전체적으로 ${\beta}-LG$유래의 monovalent항원성은 효소처리에 의하여 $10^{-1.7}{\sim}10^{-4.1}$배 또는 그 이하로 저하되었으며, 특히 pepsin전처리후 Asp. oryzae유래의 효소로 가수분해한 경우(OUP)의 항원성은 거의 상실되었다. Guinea pig를 이용한 PCA test에 의하여 ${\beta}-LG$유래의 polyvalent항원성을 분석한 결과, WPH의 항원성은 $1/2{\sim}1/128$ 또는 그 이하로 저하되었다. 특히, WPH중에서 열변성이나 pepsin의 전처리없이 Asp. oryzae유래의 효소로 가수분해한 경우(OUN), 가수분해도(DH)가 그다지 높지 않고 monovalent항원성도 여전히 잔존하였음에도 불구하고($10^{-3.2}$배로 저하) 알레르기의 발증과 밀접한 관련이 있는 polyvalent항원성은 거의 상실되었다. 이는 OUN의 분해효율이 아주 높지는 않으나 ${\beta}-LG$상의 항원결정기가 효과적으로 파괴되어, polyvalent항원성이 제거되었기 때문으로 추측된다. 이 결과는, Asp. oryzae유래의 효소를 WPI에 처리하면 우유 알레르기의 주요 원인물질인 ${\beta}-LG$의 polyvalent항원성이 제거됨으로써 저알레르기성 infant formula용 WPH가 제조될 수 있음을 시사하고 있다.

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