Effects of Carbohydrates on the Biosynthesis of Phospholipids and Fatty Acid Composition in Aspergillus, Rhizopus and Candida Cells

탄수화물이 Aspergillus, Rhizopus, Candida 세포의 인지질 합성과 지방산 조성에 미치는 영향

The synthesis of phospholipids and the composition of fatty acids were analyzed in the fungal cells of Aspergillus phoenicis, Rhizopus acidus and Candida albicans treated with carbon sources (glucose, sucrose, raffinose) during the culture. Growth ratios were predominantly in Aspergillus and Candida treated with sucrose and those in Rhizopus treated with glucose. The synthesis of total lipids were accelerated in Aspergillus and Rhizopus with glucose and the contents of total lipid was increased in Candida with raffinose. The glucose treatment increased Phosphatidylinositol(PI) content by 73.7% for Aspergillus and Phosphatidylcholine(PC) content by 292% for Rhizopus. In sucrose treatment the synthesis of PI was accelerated 112% for Aspergillus and that of PC was increased 77.7% for Rhizopus and 71.8% for Candida. In raffinose treatment, the content of PC was increased 79.5% for Aspergillus, the biosynthesis of Phosphatidylethanolamine(PE) was inhanced 50.9% for Rhizopus and 49.1% for Candida. In Aspergillus and Candida, oleic acid and linoleic acid were major fatty acids for biosynthesis of PC and PE when the three carbon sources were treated. The major fatty acids for biosynthesis of phospholipid was palmitic acid and linoleic acid in Aspergillus, palmitic acid in Rhizopus and oleic acid in Candida. Palmitic acid was one of major fatty acids utilized for the biosynthesis of phospholipid(PC, PE, PI) in the fungal cells treated with carbohydrates.

탄수화물(포도당, 서당, raffinose)을 각각 처리한 배지에서 배양한 진균류(Aspergillus phoenicis, Rhizopus acidus, Candida albicans)의 세포에서 일어나는 지질대사 특히 인지질 및 지방산 조성에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 서당은 Aspergillus와 Candida의 생장에, 포도당은 Rhizopus의 생장에 최적의 당이었다. 포도당은 Aspergillus와 Rhizopus total lipid 합성에, Raffinose는 Candida total lipid 합성에 가장 유용한 것으로 조사되었다. 포도당 처리는 Aspergillus의 Pl를 73.7%, Rhizopus의 PC를 292% 증가시켰다. 서당 처리는 Aspergillus의 Pl를 112%, Rhizopus와 Candida의 PC의 함량을 77.7%와 71.8%의 촉진 현상을 보여 주었다. Raffinose 처리는 Aspergillus에서 PC의 함량을 29.5% 증가시컸고, PE의 함량은 Rhizopus에서 50.9%, Candida에서 49.1% 촉진하였다. Aspergillus와 Candida의 당 처리구에서 PC와 PE를 구성하는 주요 지방산은 주로 oleic acid와 linoleic acid이었다. 인지질을 구성하는 주요 지방산으로 Aspergillus에서는 palmitic acid와 linoleic acid, Rhizopus에서는 palmitic acid, Candida에서는 palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid로 조사되었다. 이들 3진균류가 당 처리시 인지질 합성에 공통으로 이용하는 주요 지방산은 palmitic acid로 분석되었다.