대하 (Penaeus chinensis)의 단백질요구량과 단백질원으로서 대두박의 이용

Optimum Level of Protein and the Possibility of Replacement of Fish Meal by Soybean Meal in Feeds for Fleshy Shrimp, Penaeus chinensis

대하의 단백질요구량과 배합 사료에 어분 대신 대두백으로 대체하고 여기에 오징어유를 첨가한 먹이에 대한 성장 결과는 다음과 같다. 배합 사료를 먹이로 공급할 때 단백질 함량을 $25\~50\%$로 실험한 결과, 단백질 함량 $40\%$에서 가장 높은 생존율과 빠른 성장을 보였고, 단백질 함량 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, $50\%$인 배합사료를 대하에 공급하였을때 생존율은 각각 74.0, 82.0, 91.0, 97.0, 93.0, $88.0\%$이었다. 최적의 사료내 단백질 함량은 $13\~84mg$인 대하 치하는 $40.4\%$, $0.9\~8.1g$ 인 대하는 $39.9\%$로 계산되었다. 사료중 단백질원을 어분 대신 대두백으로 대체할 때에는 대두박 함량을 $0.0\~76.0\%$로 실험한 결과, 대두백 함량이 많아질수록 생존율과 성장이 둔화되는 경향을 보였지만, 오징어유를 대두박 함량의 $2.5\%$ 첨가하였을때 생존율은 향상되었다.

In order to substitute soybean meal for fish meal, the protein requirement of fleshy shrimp was examined and then the effect of soybean meal supplemented with cuttlefish oil was studied. Different contents of protein in prepared diet had significant effects on the survival rate and growth of fleshy shrimp (P<0.05). With regard to protein content ranging from $25\%\;to\;50\%,\;40\%$ protein showed the best survival rate and fastest growth. The percent survival rates of fleshy shrimp fed diets containing protein levels of 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 and $50(\%)$ were $74.0^d,\; 82.0^{cd},\;91.0^b,\;97.0^a,\;93.0^{ab},\;and\;88.0^{bc}\%(P< 0.05).$ The optimum protein requirements for postlarvae (13-84 mg) and juvenile (0.9-8.1g) were calculated by the broken line method as $40.4\%\;and\;39.9\%$. When soybean meal was substituted $(up\;to\;76\%)$ for fish meal in the prepared diet, the performance' gradually suffered with the increase of soybean meal content, but when cuttlefish oil was added to soybean meal, survival rates were improved with $2.5\%$ cuttlefish oil supplement.