Abstract
In order to study and ecotypic variation of Phragmites communis Trin., we investigated germination rates, velocities, and protein band patte군 of seeds of three population of salt marsh, estuary and fresh water areas of Muan Peninsular in southwestern coast of Korea from March, 1990 to October, 1992. The highest germination rates of seeds were observed at $25^{\circ}C$; those of population of the estuary and fresh water are were 100% and that of the salt marsh was 95%. Similar germination rates were observed from the populations of estuary and fresh water areas at $30^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$, but they decreased at $15^{\circ}C$. The onset of germination of seeds of three population was earlier $^{\circ}C$, but they decreased at $15^{\circ}C$. The onset of germination of seeds of th three populations was earlier at both $25^{\circ}C$, which was higher than those of any other areas, while that of fresh water areas was the lowest. were different; those of salt marsh and estuary decreased to 30% and 2.5%, respectively, at 3.0% of salt content, but seeds of the fresh water area did not germinate at all at the same salt content. The onset of germination was delayed in the order of the salt marsh, esturay and fresh water areas as salt content of culture solution increased. Germination of seeds from the population of salt marsh was found to begin earliest. The highest germination velocity of three populations was observed in the culture containing no salt. The germination velocity constant decreased as salt content of culture solution increased from 0.5% to 3.0%: those of the populations of the salt marsh, estuary, and fresh water areas were 9.50, 0.75 and 0.00, respectively, at the salt concentration of 3.0%. Soluble protein patterns of seedings from the three populations were analyzed by SDS-PAGE method. The results showed that protein patterns of the three populations were distinctly different qualitatively and quantitatively. The present study suggests that populations of Phragmites communis Trin. in the coast of Korea had taken ecotypic variations of habitats, i.e., fresh water, estuary, and salt marsh types, according to the salt content.
본 연구는 갈대(Phragmites commµm‘s Trin.)의 생태형적 변이를 조사하기 위해 1990년 3월 부터 1992년 10월까지 한반도 서남해안에 위치한 무안반도에서 토양 염분농도가 다른 염습지, 기수 및 육수지역의 갈대 개체군에서 종자를 채종하여 발아율, 발아세 및 유모의 단백질 패턴 등을 조사하였다. 온도별 갈대개체군의 발아율은 $25^{\circ}C$에서 기수와 육수지역이 100%, 염습지지역이 95%로 가장 발아율이 높았으며 염습지와 기수는 $20^{\circ}C$와 $30^{\circ}C$에서 비슷한 경향을 보였고 $15^{\circ}C$에서 감소하 였다. 발아 개시일은 모든 개체군이 $25^{\circ}C$와 $30^{\circ}C$에서 빠른 경향을 보였고 $20^{\circ}C,\;15^{\circ}C$$의 순으로 지연되었다. 발아 속도계수는 $25^{\circ}C$에서 염습지가 36.75로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 기수, 육수지역 의 순이었다. 발아상에 있어서 염분농도별 각 개체군 간의 발아율은 3.0%의 염분농도에서 염습지의 경우 30%(파종 10일 후)로 감소하였으며 기수지역은 2.5%, 육수지역은 전혀 발아하지 않았다. 염분 농도별 발아 개시일은 발아상의 염분농도가 증가함에 따라 염습지, 가수지역, 육수지역의 순으로 염습지지역이 가장 빨랐다. 발아세도 대조구에서 가장 높게 나타났으며 발아상의 염분농도가 0.5%에서 3.0%로 높아짐에 따라 개체군별로 점점 감소하여 염습지가 3.0%의 염분농도에서 9.50, 기수지역 이 0.75, 육수지역은 0으로 나타났다. 유묘의 수용성 단백질의 패턴은 SDS page법에 따라 분석하였다. 전기영동 결과 개체군들간 발현되는 단백질의 종류와 양이 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다. 이상의 결과 한반도의 해안과 내륙에 분포하는 갈대개체군들의 생육지의 토양 염분농도에 따라 염습지형, 기수형 및 육수형으로 생대형적 변이가 이루어진 것으로 생각된다.