Characteristics of Variation of Suspended Matters in the Cheju Coastal Area of Korea

제주 연안해역의 부유물질 변화특성

This study was conducted to understand the variation of suspended matters in coastal waters of Cheju Island. Water sampling was carried out at 22 stations along the coast of this island from March 1988 to November 1989. Analyzed and/or observed items were water temperature, salinity, total solids (TS), total dissolved solids (TDS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), and fixed suspended solids (FSS). Inter-relationships between wind velocity, precipitation and total suspended solids (TSS) were also investigated. More windy days prevail in winter season (December, January and February) in Cheju Island. Thirty-six points seven percent of total windy days of a year appeared in this season. The rate of windy days in spring was $27.3\%$ and those in summer and fall were $17.9{\%}$ each. From February to July, the heaviest precipitation was observed in the southeastern area and that from August to January was observed in the eastern part of this island. TS and TDS were firmly related with the fluctuation of salinity. Therefore, there were higher in spring and lower in summer. The highest TSS (7.73 $mg/{\ell}$) was observed in February and was the lowest (4.73 $mg/{\ell}$) in September. Annual mean value of TSS was 6.3$mg/{\ell}$. The highest VSS (2.03 $mg/{\ell}$) was observed in July and lowest (1.42 $mg/{\ell}$) in September. The percentage of VSS per 755 was $30.6{\%}$ in average that was not much higher level compared to the other polluted areas. This value became higher in summer (av. $34.17{\%}$) and lower in winter (av. $24.2{\%}$). Fluctuation of TSS was mainly related with the freshwate. discharge, tidal action, and re-suspension of bottom sediments by the wind waves. Therefore, TSS concentration was low in summer and hish in winter.

제주도 연안 지역 22개 관측점에서 1988년 3월부터 1989년 11월까지 매월 부유 물질 농도를 조사하고, 바람, 강수량 등과의 관계를 알아보았다. 총고형 물질과 총용존성 고형 물질은 염분의 영향을 크게 받아 봄철에 그 농도가 가장 높고, 여름철에 가장 낮았다. 제주도 연안 해 역에서의 연평균 총부유성 고형 물질의 값은 6.3 $mg/{\ell}$($3.7{\~}9.0\;mg/{\ell}$)었으며, 2월에 $7.73\;mg/{\ell}(5.12{\~}\;10.53\;mg/{\ell})$로 가장 높고, 9월에 $4.73mg/{\ell}(2.74{\~}7.31\;mg/\{ell}$)로 가장 낮았다. 휘발성 부유 물질의 연평균치는 $1.8\;mg/{\ell}$였으며 월별 변화 양상은 7월이 $2.03\;mg/{\ell}$으로 가장 높고, 9월이 $1.42\;mg/{\ell}$로 가장 낮았다. VSS/TSS의 평균치는 30.6 ($22.8{\~}52.5{\%}$)로 다른 지역에 비해 높지는 않았으나 여름철이 평균 $34.17{\%}(22.8${\~}61.4{\%}$)로 높고, 겨울철이 $24.2{\%}(6.3{\~}43.5{\%}$)로 가장 낮았다. 유기성 부유 물질의 연평균치는 $4.5\lmg/{\ell}(2.2{\~}6.8\;mg/{\ell}$)였으며, 총부유성 고형 물질과 비슷한 변화 양상을 보였다. 제주도 연안 해역에서의 총부유성 고형 물질의 농도 변화는 하천수의 유입이나 조석력과 같은 외력과 섬 지방의 강한 풍랑에 의한 침전물의 재부유에 의한 영향이 크게 미치고 있다. 하천수 유입량의 계절적 변동은 희석률을 크게 증감 시킴으로서 총부유성 고형 물질의 농도가 여름철에 상대적으로 낮고 겨울철에는 높아지는 경향이었다.