Mass Mortality of Arkshell, Anadara broughtonii SCHRENCK Seedlings with Marine Ecological Characteristics

해양 생태학적 특성에 따른 피조개 치패의 대량폐사

  • CHUN Young-Yull (Tong Young Fisheries Research Laboratory of National Fisheries Research and Development Agency) ;
  • NA Gui-Hwan (Tong Young Fisheries Research Laboratory of National Fisheries Research and Development Agency) ;
  • CHOI Woo-Jeung (Tong Young Fisheries Research Laboratory of National Fisheries Research and Development Agency)
  • 전영열 (국립수산진흥원 통영수산연구소) ;
  • 나기환 (국립수산진흥원 통영수산연구소) ;
  • 최우정 (국립수산진흥원 통영수산연구소)
  • Published : 1991.01.01

Abstract

Both long period of summer drought and unusual high water temperature in 1988 caused the harmfull effect to the aquacultural organisms in south coast of Korea. One of those was the mass mortality of arkshell seedlings in Jinhae Bay. The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of environmental factors on arkshell seedlings by investigating not only water quality and food organisms in culturing grounds, but also meteorological conditions. Water temperature in November was higher at $2.0^{\circ}C$ than mean water temperature and the concentration of total inorganic nitrogen and N/P ratio were $0.38{\mu}g-at/l,$ 0.98, respectively which indicated the exhaustion of nutrients, especially nitrogen in the study area. In analysis of phytoplankton population structure, species diversity index(H) , equitability-index(e), species richness $index(d_1)$ were low, but dominance $index({\delta}_2)$ was high at the value of 98.4 and dominant species was Nitzschia pungens. In conclusion, it seems that mass .mortality of arkshell seedlings in November was resulted from the metabolism disorder with poor food organism under the unstable marine environment.

진해만 서부 가조도 주변 해역의 피조개 채묘장에서 1988년 11월에 추패가 대량 탈락하여 폐사하는 현상에 대한 환경조사와 먹이생물을 조사한 해양생태학적 분석 결과 평년비 $2^{\circ}C$의 높은 고수온이였고, 총무기질소(TIN)가 11월에 $0.38{\mu}g-at/l$의 빈영양 상태이였고, N/P율도 0.98로 최소치를 보여 영양염 수준이 불안정하였다. 이때 피조개 치패의 먹이 생물인 식물성 부유생물의 군집구조의 종다양성지수(H), 균등성지수(e), 풍부성지수$(d_1)$는 최소치를 보였으나 이와는 반대로 우점도지수$({\delta}_2)$는 98.4로서 최대치를 나타냈고 이때의 우점종은 Nitzschia pungens였다. 조사기간 중의 피조개 치패의 대량폐사는 주로 장기 가뭄에 따른 고수온 및 빈영양 상태의 불안정된 생태학적 환경으로 먹이 생물의 질량 변화에 의해 치패의 대사 생리에 영향을 주어 패각의 뒤틀림등 이상개체출현과 함께 대량폐사가 유발된 것으로 판단된 다.

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