Development of Sorption Measurement Method for Fenamiphos Sulfoxide in Soil

Fenamiphos Sulfoxide 농약(農藥)의 토양중(土壤中) 흡착측정법(吸着測定法) 개발(開發)

  • Kim, Sun-Kwan (Agricultural Sciences Institute, RDA) ;
  • Green, Richard E. (University of Hawaii)
  • Published : 1991.06.20

Abstract

Two solution to soil ratios, 2 : 1 and 5 : 1 were tested to determine the appropriate ratio in the sorption measurement off. sulfoxide for Wahiawa soil samples, 0-20 cm, 40-60 cm and 100-120 cm. and Salinas soil samples, 0-15cm and 115-130cm. One ${\mu}$ mol/L f.sulfoxide was used as an initial equilibration concentration. Sorption of f.sulfoxide at 5 : 1 ratio showed appropriate mixing, while sorption at 2 : 1 ratio indicated insufficient mixing during the various batch equilibration times (4, 12, 24 and 48 hours). For most samples the degree of sorption was about 20-50%, which falls in the desired range (20-80%) at the 5 : 1 ratio. An exception was with the low-sorptive Wahiawa subsoil in which the ranges were below 20%. Thus the 5 : 1 ratio can be used for f.sulfoxide sorption measurement. Four equilibration times (4, 12, 24 and 48 hours) and four concentrations(0.1, 1.0, 5.0 and $10{\mu}mol/L$) were used to determine the appropriate equilibration time for Wahiawa and Salinas soils. Sorption increased over all equilibration times, indicating no complete equilibrium within 48 hours. Apparent equilibrium was reached in 4 hours, and sorption increased slowly until 24 hours and faster thereafter, except for the Wahiawa soil, 100-120 cm. The recommended equilibration time is 24 hours, since it may eliminate the insufficient sorption and yet avoid undesirable transformation.

Fenamiphos sulfoxide(f. sulfoxide) 농얍(農藥)의 토양중(土壤中) 흡착측정(吸着測定)에서 적합한 농약용액(農藥溶液)에 대한 토양시료(土壤試料) 비율(比率)과 흡착평형시간(吸着平衡時間)을 결정(決定)하기 위한 시험(試驗)을 수행(遂行)하였다. 시험(試驗)에 사용(使用)한 토양(土壤)은 미국(美國) Hawaii의 Wahiawa 토양(土壤)(3개(個) 토층시험(土層試料))과 California의 Salinas 토양(土壤)(2개(個) 토양시료(土層試料))이었다. 시험(試驗)에 사용(使用)한 농약용액(農藥溶液)대 토양시료비율(土壤試料比率)은 2 : 1과 5 : 1등 2수준이었으며, 흡착평형시간(吸着平衡時間)은 4, 12, 24, 48시간등 4수준이었다. 농약용액(農藥溶液)대토양시료비율(土壤試料比率) 2 : 1에서는 완전한 혼합(混合)이 어려웠으며, 5 : 1이 흡착력(吸着力)이 낮은 Wahiawa 토양(土壤)의 심토(深土)에서 흡착률(吸着率)이 낮아 바람직하지는 못했으나, 혼합(混合)을 고려(考慮)하면 권장되는 비율(比率)이었다. 흡착(吸着)은 4시간(時間)에는 Apparent 평형(平衡)에 도달하고 24시간까지는 서서히 증가하였다. 그후 48시간 까지 빠른 속도로 증가하였는데, 이는 Sulfoxide 화합물(化合物)이 흡착력이 큰 Sulfone 형태(形態)로 변화(變化)되고 있음을 시사한다. 따라서 24시간(時間)의 흡착평형(吸着平衡) 시간(時間)이, 이보다 짧은 시간(時間)에서 불완전한 흡착(吸着)과 이보다 긴 시간(時間)에서 형태변화(形態變化)에 의한 과다흡착(過多吸着)을 고려(考慮)하여, 바람직할 것으로 생각되었다.

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