Guild Structure and Seasonal Occurrences of Spider Communities in Pine Plantation Habitat

소나무숲의 거미군집의 Guild 구조 및 계절적 변동

Two distinct spider communities were studied in the crowns and ground surfaces of pine plantations at Mt. Ungilsan, Kyonggi-do using pitfall traps and knock-down by spraying of an insecticide (D.D.V.P.) to sample spiders. There were 34 species of 11 families in the ground community and 41 species of 15 families in the crown community, with only 9 species being collected in both. Wandering spiders comprised 78.5% of the crown community and 90.8% of the ground community. Guild abundance and the most abundant families were distinctly different in the two habitats: agile hunters (Salticidae:32.4%) and nocturnal hunters (Clubionidae:19%) in the crown, runners (Lycocidae:32.8%) and nocturnal hunters (Gnaphosidae:31.2%) in the ground. Dominant species were Clubiona jucunda (Karsch) and Mymarachne japonica (Karsch) in the crown, while in the ground they were Pardosa laura Karsch and Gnaphosa silvicola. Species diversity(H ) had peaks in May, July and November in the ground community, while in the crown community peaks were in June and September. The seasonal trends of species diversity (H ) were due mainly to differences in the number of species and the numbers of individuals collected at each sample date rather than to differences in equitability among species. Spier guilds and dominant species have different seasonal patterns based on the temporal differences in prey availability in the two communities and the reduction of temporal overlap.