동양배(신고(新高)) Protease의 정제(精製) 및 성질(性質)에 관(關)하여

Purification and Characterization of Oriental Pear(Niitaka, Pyrus pyrifolia Nak.) Protease

동양배(신고(新高))에서 protease를 추출(抽出), 정제(精製)하여 그의 특성(特性)을 검토(檢討)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 배의 protease는 배의 과육(果肉)-정량(定量)과 5mM의 cysteine, 40mM 2-mercaptoethanol 및 2mM의 EDTA를 함유(含有)하는 0.1M-sodium phosphate buffer(pH6.5)0.7배량(倍量)(v/w)을 homogenizer에 넣고 10,000rpm으로 5분간(分間) 추출(抽出)하는 것이 효과적(效果的)이었다. 2. 상기(上記) 방법(方法)에 의(依)해서 파쇄(破碎)한 것을 cheese cloth로 여과(濾過)하여 10,000g로 20분간(分間) 원심분리(遠心分離)하여 얻어지는 상징액(上澄液) 조효소액(粗酵素液)으로 하여 유안(硫安) 분획(分劃), Sephadex G-100 filtration 및 DEAE-Sephadex A-50 column chromatography를 거쳐 전기영동상(電氣泳動上)으로 단일(單一)한 효소단백질(酵素蛋白質)을 얻었다. 3. 정제효소(精製酵素)의 비활성(比活性)은 10.78배(倍) 증가(增加)하였고, 활성수율(活性收率)은 722%에 달(達)하였다. 4. 정제효소(精製酵素)의 분자량(分子量)은 SDS전기영동법(電氣泳動法)에 의(依)하여 측정(測定)하였을 때 51,000이었으며, Km값은 $54.5mg/m{\ell}$이었다. 5. 본(本) 효소(酵素)의 작용(作用) 최적(最適) pH는 6.0이었고, pH5.5~6.5에서 안정(安定)하였으며, 작용(作用) 최적(最適) 온도는 $50^{\circ}C$이고, $50^{\circ}C$ 이하(以下)에서 안정(安定)하였다. 6. 본(本) 효소(酵素)는 casein을 가장 잘 분해(分解)하였고 hemoglobin 분해력(分解力)은 casein분해력(分解力)의 55%에 달(達)하였으며, elastin분해력(分解力)은 극(極)히 미약(微弱)하였다. 7. 본(本) 효소(酵素)는 p-chloromercuribenzoic acid에 의(依)해서는 강(强)한 저해(沮害)를 받았고, $HgCl_2$, $MnSO_4$에 의(依)해서도 저해(沮害)를 받았으나 cysteine등(等)의 각종(各種) 환원제(還元劑), EDTA, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride 및 N-tosyl-L-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone에 의(依)해서는 저해(沮害)를 받지 않았다.

These studies were conducted to investigate the extraction, purification and characterization of oriental pear (Niitaka. Pyrus pyrifolia Nak.) protease, and the results obtained were as follows: 1. Oriental pear protease was effectively extracted by the method of homogenizing pear pulp with 0.7 volume of 0.1M-sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.5 containing 5mM-cysteine, 40mM-2-mercaptoethanol and 2mM-EDTA at 10,000 rpm for 5 min. 2. The protease was purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation, Sephadex G-100 filtration and DEAE-Sephadex A-50 column chromatography, and the purified enzyme gave a single protein band on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. 3. The specific activity of purified enzyme was 29.65 unit/mg protein and the yield was 7.22%. 4. The moecular weight of the protease was estimated to be about 51,000 by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the enzyme had Km value of 54.5 mg/ml for casein. 5. The purified enzyme had a maximum activity at pH 6.0 and $50^{\circ}C$, and was stable from pH 5.5-6.5 and at temperatures below $50^{\circ}C$ 6. Casein was a better substrate for this protease compared to hemoglobin. 7. The enzyme activity was markedly inhibited by p-chloromercuribenzoic acid and heavy metal salts such as $HgCl_2$ and $MnSO_4$ also considerably inhibited the enzyme activity.