Studies on the Soil Properties and Fertilizer Recommendation for Grass Lands to be Established

산지초지(山地草地) 조성대상지(造成對象地) 토양특성(土壤特性)과 시비추천(施肥推薦)

For the agricultural utilization of Korean forest land resources, which constitutes most of country, the distribution of environment and soil physico-chemical properties of establishable grass lands were clarified. The surveyed data were analized for the reasonable utilization and management of establishable grass land. The results were as follows ; 1. About 50.2% of the grass lands to be established were located under the 200m in altitude. The higher the altitude was, the more the organic matter content. 2. Tall type grass species such as Miscanthus purpurascens, Purple eulalia, and Themeda Japonica covered 71.3% of the natural vegetation in the soils of grass land to be established. 3. The extent of sandy and clayey soils which might be limited in the establishment of grassland was only 3.3%, meanwhile majority of the soils were in the favourable condition for grassland that is about 94% have more than 20cm in available soil depth and about 60.5% of the soils have less than 10% of gravels and stones in the soil profiles. 4. The chemical properties of the prearranged grassland soils were worse than the established grasslands, especially in the content of available $P_2O_5$. 5. The amount of fertilizer recommended for meadow were 286kg of nitrogen per hectare, 271kg of phosphorus, 224kg of potassium and 2040kg of calcium per hectare, but for grazing land were 201, 204, 136 and 1920kg/ha respectively.

국토(國土)의 대부분(大部分)을 차지하고 있는 산지(山地) 토양자원(土壤資源)을 농업적(農業的)으로 활용(活用)하기 위(爲)하여 초지조성(草地造成) 예정지(豫定地)(1983년(年))의 환경조건(環境條件) 및 토양(土壤)의 물리화학성(物理化學性)을 밝혀내고 이들 조사자료(調査資料)를 분석(分析)하여 산지개발(山地開發) 및 초지조성시(草地造成時)의 합리적(合理的) 이용관리(利用管理)에 쓰일 基礎資料를 얻고저 실시(實施)했던바 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 초지조성(草地造成) 대상지(對象地)는 표고(標高) 200m이하(以下)가 50.2%이었으며 유기물함양(有機物含量)은 표고(標高)가 높을수록 많았다. 2. 우점식생(優占植生)은 억새, 새, 솔새등(等) 장초형(長草型) 초종(草種)이 71.3%로 거의 대부분(大部分)을 차지하였다. 3. 초지조성시(草地造成時) 문제(問題)가 되는 사토(砂土)와 식토(埴土)는 3.3%에 불과하였고 20cm이상(以上)의 유효토심(有效土深)을 가진 대상지(對象地)는 94%, 석력함량(石礫含量) 10%미만(未滿)도 60.5%로서 대부분(大部分)의 토양(土壤)들이 초지조함(草地造咸)이 가능(可能)하였다. 4. 초지조성(草地造成) 대상지(對象地)의 주요(主要) 화학성분양(化學成分量)은 기존초지(旣存草地)에 비하여 각(各) 성분(成分) 모두 낮으며 특(特)히 유효인산(有效燐酸)은 매우 낮았다. 5. 10a당(當) 시비양(施肥量)은 채초지(採草地)일때 질소(窒素) 28.6, 인산(燐酸) 27.1, 가리(加里) 22.4, 석회(石灰) 204kg이었고 방목지(放牧地)는 각각(各各) 20.1, 20.4, 13.6, 192kg이었다.