A Research on the Production of Fusarin C in Cereals during Storage by Fusarium moniliforme

곡류저장시 Fusarium moniliforme에 의한 Fusarin C 생성에 관한 연구

Fusarin C, which had been produced in cereals by Fusarium moniliforme, was known as a mutagen. In this study, natural occurrences of fusarin C in 12 kinds of cereals grown in Korea, fusarin C production by F. moniliforme in cereal cultures, and the relation between fusarin C production and water activity were investigated. The results were obtained as follows; 1. Fusarin C was detected large amounts in rice, glutinous millet, sorghum millet, and corn obtained from Seoul markets randomly. But in cereals selected from Pyungtaik market, fusarin C was detected in barley and job's tears only. The amounts were much lower than those from Seoul markets. It was thought that keeping conditions of cereals during retailing period were very important factors to natural occurrences of fusarin C. 2. The amounts of fusarin C production were determined much more in rice and barley cultures with F. moniliforme. In this study, the facts are made clear that rice and barley had been more proper than corn to produce fusarin C by F. monilifome. 3. Water activity had more effect on fusarin C production in corn cultures than rice cultures. In corn cultures, water activity was higher, and the amounts of fusarin C production was larger. In case of high activity (Aw 0.85), the amounts of fusarin C was shown the largest in 1 week after then was decreased rapidly.

우리나라에서 상응되고 있는 12종의 곡류 중에서 Fusarin C의 존재여부와 몇종의 곡류배지에서의 F. moniliforme에 의한 Fusarin C의 생성능력 및 Fusarin C의 생성과 수분활성도와의 관계를 검토한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 1. 서울지역에서 상용하고 있는 곡류 12종 중에 쌀, 차조, 수수, 옥수수에서 Fusarin C가 상당량 검출되었으며 평택지역에서는 보리와 율무에서만, 서울지역의 곡류들보다 훨신 적은 양이 검출되었다. 이와 같은 경향에서, 지역 간의 판매 유통기간중의 보관상태가 매우 중요한 인자라고 생각된다. 2. 곡류를 배지로 한 F. moniliforme의 배양시에 생성되는 Fusarin C의 양은 쌀에서 월등히 높게 나타났으며 보리에서도 옥수수보다 많은 양이 생성되는 것으로 나타나 우리가 상식하고 있는 쌀 및 보리가 F. moniliforme의 배지로서 옥수수보다 더 적절하다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 3. 수분활성도가 Fusarin C 생성에 미치는 영향은 쌀보다 옥수수에 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 옥수수의 경우 수분황성도가 높을수록 Fusarin C의 생성량이 크게 증가되며, 수분활성도가 높은 부분에서는 1주에서 최고 값을 나타내었으나 2주에서는 급격히 감소되었다.