A STUDY ON THE FRACTURE RESISTANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF TEETH IN CLASS II CAVITY RESTORATIONS

2급(級) 와동(窩洞) 수복시(修復時) 치아파괴(齒牙破壞) 저항성(抵抗性) 및 귀열양상(龜裂樣相)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

The purpose of this study was to examine the fracture strength and characteristics of teeth with MOD cavity preparation. Freshly extracted sound maxillary premolars were cleaned and stored in normal saline solution $37^{\circ}C$ for 72 hours before experiments. The roots of teeth were embedded in a self-curing resin, and the exposed crown were maintained in a vertical position by a modelling wax in a brass ring. The MOD cavities were prepared with No. 57 carbide bur under high speed to a depth of 2.0mm and a width of 2.0mm(Fig.1). All the prepared teeth specimens were divided into 7 groups according to the mode of cavity form and restorative materials (Table 1, 2): Group I, unpreapred, intact teeth as control Group II, prepared cavity without restoration Group III, prepared teeth restored with amalgam Group IV, prepared teeth restored with composite resin (P-10) Group V, prepared teeth with beveled enamel margins restored with composite resin (P-10) Group VI, prepared teeth restored with light-cured composite resin (P-30) Group VII, prepard teeth with beveled enamel margins restored with light-cured composite resin (P-30) After placement of restorations, all of the specimens were stored in water at $37^{\circ}C$ for 72 hours before testing. All of the specimens were tested on the Instron Universal Testing machine (No. 6025) in order to evaluate the strength of fracture. One metal ball 5.0mm in diameter contacting the specimens parallel to the occlusal surface was used to in this study (Fig. 1). The fracture characteristics of the specimens were examined with naked eye and in the scanning electron microscope (JSM-20). The results obtained from this study were as follows: 1. The mean fracture strength was the highest in group VI and that in group II was the lowest. 2. The progress of crack of teeth propagated into the pulp cavity. 3. In case of the group of the restored teeth, the crack occurred to be accompanied with cuspal fracture. 4. The crack of restored teeth was initiated along the pulpo-axial line angle of the cavity.