수도근권(水稻根圈) 환경(環境)에 미치는 볏짚과 보릿집 시용(施用)의 영향(影響)

Influences of Rice and Barley straw Application in the Rice Rhizosphere

논토양(土壤)에 볏짚과 보릿짚을 시용(施用)하여 수도근권토양(水稻根圈土壤)의 화학성분(化學成分), 질소고정미생물(窒素固定微生物), 토양효소활성(土壤酵素活性) 및 질소고정력(窒素固定力)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 조사분석(調査分析)한 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 토양(土壤) pH는 유수형성기(幼穗形成期) 이후(以後)부터 경시적(經時的)으로 증가(增加)하였다. 2. $Fe^{{+}{+}}$함량(含量)은 근권토양(根圈土壤)에서는 경시적(經時的)으로 감소(減少)하고 비근권토양(非根圈土壤)에서는 증가(增加)하는 경향(傾向)이었다. 3. 토양중(土壤中) $NH_4-N$ 함량(含量)은 생육초기(生育初期)에는 근권토양(根圈土壤)에서 많았으나 후기(後期)에는 비근권토양(非根圈土壤)에서 많게 나타났다. 4. 토양중(土壤中) glucose나 pentose함량(含量)은 근권토양(根圈土壤)이 비근권토양(非根圈土壤)에 비(比)해 많은 경향(傾向)이었다. 5. 토양중(土壤中) 질소고정미생물(窒素固定微生物)의 경시적(經時的) 균수(菌數)의 변화(變化)는 전처리구(全處理區)에 있어서 크지 않았다. 6. Phosphatase, ${\beta}$-glucosidase 및 protease활성(活性)은 근권토양(根圈土壤)이 비근권토양(非根圈土壤)보다 높았다. 7. $C_2H_2$환원력(還元力)은 분얼기(分蘖期)에 가장 높았으며 비근권토양(非根圈土壤)보다 근권토양(根圈土壤)이, 다수계(多收系)인 삼강벼가 일반계(一般系)인 동진벼보다 높은 경향(傾向)이었다. 8. 보릿짚시용구(施用區)가 볏짚시용구(施用區)에 비(比)해 생육초기(生育初期)에 $C_2H_2$ 환원력(還元力)이 약간 높았다.

This study has been made to investigate the influences of organic matter on the soil composition, nitrogen fixing organism, soil enzyme activity and nitrogen fixing activity in the paddy rice rhizosphere when rice and barley straw were applied. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The pH in the submerged soil was increased from ear formation stage to harvesting. 2. In the rhizosphere, $Fe^{{+}{+}}$ content was decreased according to the growing stage, while increased in the nonrhizosphere. 3. In the initial stage, rhizosphere was higher than nonrhizosphere but in the late stage nonrhizosphere was higher than rhizosphere on the $NH_4-N$ content. 4. In the submerged soil, rhizosphere was higher than nonrhizosphere, on the concentration of glucose and pentose. 5. Changes of the number of nitrogen fixing organism in whole soil was not high. 6. Generally, rhizosphere was higher than nonrhizosphere on the soil enzyme activity such as phosphatase, ${\beta}$-glucosidase, and protease. 7. Acetylene-reducing activity was the highest in the tillering stage, and rhizosphere, Samgang (high-yielding variety) were higher than nonrhizosphere. Dongjin (general variety) respectively. 8. In the submerged soil applied barley straw, acetylene-reducing activity was slightly higher than rice straw in the initial stage.