Studies on lead uptake by crops and reduction of it's damage. -IV. Effects of application of calcium and phosphate materials on lead uptake by upland crops

농작물(農作物)에 대(對)한 납(Pb)의 흡수(吸收) 및 피해경감(被害輕減)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) -IV. 밭작물(作物)의 납 흡수이행(吸收移行)과 석회(石灰) 및 인산(燐酸)의 영향(影響)

A pot experiment was conducted to find out the effects of application of slacked lime and fused super-phosphate on the lead uptake of upland crops in a lead added soil. Lead concentration of the soils were adjusted to 0, 150, 300mg/kg respectively. The slacked lime was applied at the equivalent amount of lime requirement with extra 150kg/10a, and 2 times for the fused superphosphate. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Lead contents in crops increased in the order: sesame > maize > potato > sweet potato > soybean > green perilla > peanut > red bean. 2. Lead contents in parts of crops were increased in the order; root > stem > leaf > grain. 3. Increasing lead concentration in soils, lead content in the plant was increased and crops yield were decreased. 4. Lead contents in soybean and green perlilla were decreased in slacked lime application treatment. 5. The lead contents in leaf and grain of soybean and green perllila decreased with decreasing in the ratio of Pb/Ca+Mg equivalent in soil. 6. Grain yield were increased in slacked lime, but were decreased in fused superphosphate application treatment. 7. With increasing the soil Pb contents, calcium and phosphate contents were increased in leaf and stem, but calcium was decreased in roots. 8. $1N-NH_4$ OAC soluble Pb contents in soil were 26-50 ppm and 42-70 ppm, respectively, for 150mg/kg and 300mg/kg lead treatments. 9. The soil pH was increased in the order of slacked lime, fused superphosphate and nontreatment.

토양(土壤)에 납의 농도(濃度)를 0, 150, 300mg/kg로 처리(處理)하고 콩, 팥, 땅콩, 감자, 고구마, 옥수수, 참깨, 들깨에 대(對)한 납흡수량과 콩과 들깨에 대하여는 소석회(消石灰)와 인산(燐酸) 2 배양(倍量)을 증시(增施)하여 납 흡수량(吸收量), 수량(收量), 토양중(土壤中) 납 함량(含量)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 작물별(作物別) 납 흡수량(吸收量). ${\circ}$ 무처리(無處理) : 참깨>옥수수>고구마>들깨>감자>콩=팥=땅콩 ${\circ}$ 150mg/kg처리(處理) : 참깨> 옥수수>감자>고구마>콩>들깨>땅콩>팥 ${\circ}$ 300mg/kg처리(處理) : 참깨>감자>들깨>옥수수=콩>땅콩>고구마>팥 2. 작물부위별(作物部位別) 납함량(含量) : 뿌리>줄기>잎>곡립(穀粒) 3. 토양중(土壤中) 납함량(含量) 증가(增加)에 따라 각작물(各作物) 모두 납함량(含量)이 증가(增加)하고 수량(收量)은 감소(減少)하였다. 4. 소석회시용(消石灰施用)으로 납함량(含量)이 감소(減少)되나 인산증시(燐酸增施)는 들깨는 감소(減少)되나 콩은 경향이 없었다. 5. 토양중(土壤中) Pb/Ca+Mg당량비(當量比)가 감소(減少)함에 따라 콩과 들깨 모두 잎과 곡립(穀粒)의 납함량(含量)이 감소(減少)되었다. 6. 소석회시용(消石灰施用)으로 콩과 들깨가 증수(增收)되나 인산(燐酸)은 감수(減收)되었다. 7. CaO함량(含量)은 토양중(土壤中) 납농도(濃度)가 증가(增加)할수록 잎과 줄기에서 증가(增加)하나 뿌리에서는 감소(減少)하는 경향이며 $P_2O_5$ 함량(含量)은 모두에서 증가(增加)하는 경향이었다. 8. 시험후(試驗後) 토양(土壤)의 1N $NH_4$ OAC가용성(可溶性) 납함량(含量)은 150mg/kg처리(處理)에서는 26~50ppm, 300mg/kg처리(處理)에서는 42~70ppm이었고 시험토양(試驗土壤)의 pH는 소석회(消石灰)>인산(燐酸)>무시용(無施用) 순(順)으로 높았다.