Development of Herbicide Resistant Plant Through Plant Tissue Culture

제초제(除草劑) Butachlor 및 Simetryne에 저항성(抵抗性)인 식물체(植物體) 선발육성(選拔育成)

This study was conducted to select and develop herbicide resistant plant through tissue culture. Growth response of seedlings and callis of various rice varieties with Echinochloa species was assessed under the treatment of various rates of butachlor [N-(butoxy methyl)-2-chloro-2', 6'-diethyl acetamide] and simetryne [2,4-bis(ethyl amino)-6-methyl thio-1,3,5-triazine]. Further, succinate dehydrogenase activity was determined in herbicide treated callus to characterize different response of plants to herbicide. Rice variety like Sangpung showed relative resistance in both callus and seedling states against butachlor, indicating maintenance of resistance. However, in the simetryne treatment, the similar response was not observed in callus and seedling state, although there was a great different response among plant materials against simetryne. Rice variety which exhibited resistance in callus and seedling states showed low succinate dehydrogenase inhibition index. Succinate dehydrogenase inhibition index can be used as an important marker characters to differentiate varietal response of plant to herbicide. Rice plant was differentiated from butachlor and simetryne tolerant callus treated at $2.5{\times}10^{-5}$ M is growing under the growth chamber and can be used for resistant source.

잡초발생전(雜草發生前) 처리(處理)하며 단백질대사(蛋白質代謝)률 억제(抑制)하는 작용기작(作用機作)을 가진 butachlor와 잡초발생후(雜草發生後)에 처리(處理)하여 광합성(光合成)을 억제(抑制)하는 simetryne에 내성(耐性)을 지닌 식물체(植物體)를 육성(育成)키 위하여 본(本) 실험(實驗)을 수행(遂行)하여 얻어진 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 카루스의 생사여부(生死與否)는 TTC의 반응(反應)으로 간단히 검정가능(檢定可能)하며 농도(濃度)에 관계(關係)없이 전공시품종(全共試品種)이 생존(生存)하였다. 2. Succinate dehydrogenase inhibition index (S.D.I.)로 본 butachlor에 대한 벼 품종간(品種間) 차(差)는 카루스 증식반응(增殖反應)과 유식물체반응(幼植物體反應)과는 다소(多小) 일치(一致)하는 경향(傾向)을 보였다. 3. Simetryne을 유묘기(幼苗期)의 벼에 처리(處理)하면 품종간(品種間)에 뚜렷한 반응(反應)이 있었고 Japonica 형(型)이 내성(耐性)을 나타내었다. 그러나 카루스증식면(增殖面)에서 본 simetryne의 영향(影響)은 유묘기(幼苗期)와 일치(一致)하지 않으며 억제정도(抑制程度)가 butachlor 보다 낮았다. 4. Butachlor에 내성(耐性)을 보이는 상풍벼는 simetryne에도 내성(耐性)을 다소(多少)나타냈다. 5. Simetryne과 butachlor 처리구(處理區)에서 살아남은 카루스로부터 분화식물체(分化植物體)를 유도(誘導)하였다.