Adsorption, Movement and Decomposition of New Herbicide Bensulfuron-methyl in Soils

신규(新規) 제초제(除草劑) Bensulfuron-methyl 토양중(土壤中) 흡착(吸着), 이동(移動) 및 분해성(分解性)

This study was undertaken to elucidate the behavior of herbicide bensulfuron-methyl[methyl-2-[[[[[(4,6-dimethoxy pyrimidine-2yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]methyl]benzoate]in soils. Adsorption of the herbicide in soils was mainly correlated with content of organic matter and clay, and canon exchange capacity. Adsorption distribution coefficient(Kd value) in clay loam soil was greater than those in loam and sandy loam soils. The Kd value decreased in the order of zeolite, bentonite, halloysite and laziolite clay minerals. Bensulfuron-methyl moved to 3cm deep in clay loam soil and 4cm deep in sandy loam and herbicide treated layer was 0 to 2cm profile in the two soils. The decomposition rate of bensulfuron methyl varied with the soil properties. The rate was slower in sterilized soil than in nonsterilized. Addition of organic matters to the soils accelerated the decomposotion. The degradation was more rapid in 30$^{\circ}C$ soil temperature than in 20$^{\circ}C$.

토양중(土壤中)에 있어서 신규제초제(新規除草劑) bensulfuron-methyl의 흡착(吸着), 이동(移動), 분해성(分解性)을 화학적(化學的) 분석법(分析法)에 의하여 연구(硏究)한 바, 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 흡착(吸着)은 토양중(土壤中)의 유기물(有機物) 함량(含量), 점토(粘土) 함량(含量), C.E.C와 밀접(密接)한 관계(關係)가 있으며, 분배계수(分配係數) Kd 값은 식양토(埴壤土), 양토(壤土), 사양토(砂壤土)의 순위(順位)였으며, 점토광물(粘土鑛物)에서는 zeolite, bentonite, halloysite의 순위(順位)로 높은 수치(數値)를 나타내었다. Bensulfuron-methyl은 2종(種)의 토양중(土壤中)에서 0~2cm층(層)에 농밀(濃密)한 처리층(處理層)을 형성(形成)하였으며, 식양토(埴壤土)에서는 3cm까지 사양토(砂壤土)에서는 4cm까지 이동(移動)되었다. 토양중(土壤中) bensulfuron-methyl의 분해속도(分解速度)는 토양특성(土壤特性)에 따라 약간의 차이(差異)를 보였고, 살균토양(殺菌土壤)에서는 비살균토양(非殺菌土壤)에서 보다 분해(分解)가 아주 느렸다. 토양중(土壤中)에 유기물(有機物) 첨가(添加)는 분해속도(分解速度)를 촉진(促進)시켰으며, $20^{\circ}C$의 토양(土壤)에서보다 $30^{\circ}C$의 토양(土壤)에서 분해(分解)가 월등히 빨랐다.