초록
일본 동경만내에서의 해수의 광학적 성질을 조사하기 위하여, 1985년 4월에 동경만내의 6개 관측점에서 투명도, 수색, 태양고도, 태양광의 8가지 파장(378, 422, 481, 513, 570, 621, 653, 677 nm)에 대한 해수의 표면조도 및 수중조도 등을 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 본 조사해역의 투명도는 5.0m ($2.5{\sim}6.5m$)였고, 수색은 10.2 ($8{\sim}14$)였다. 2. 해수의 평균소산계수는 0.335 ($0.081{\sim}0.862$)였고, 파장별로는 677nm가 0.464, 653nm가 0.425, 621nm가 0.356, 422nm가 0.354, 570nm가 0.284, 481nm가 0.274, 378nm가 0.268, 513nm가 0.256순으로 작게 나타났다. 3. 해수의 소산계수 K와 투명도 D와의 관계는 K=2.22/D ($1.3/D{\sim}3.54/D$)였다. 4. 태양고도는 $53.62^{\circ}$ ($38.54^{\circ}{\sim}66.23^{\circ}$)로 나타났다. 5. 태양광선의 표면광에 대한 평균해중투과율은 수심 1m 층에서 $62.72\%$, 5m 층에서 $11.91\%$, 10m 층에서 $2.64\%$, 20m 층에서 $0.50\%$로 나타났다. 6. 투명도층에서의 태양광선의 해중투과율은 표면광의 $12.51\%$ ($2.91{\sim}27.25\%$)였고, 677nm의 광이 $5.97\%$로서 가장 적었으며 570nm의 광이 $20.22\%$로서 가장 많았다.
Optical properties of sea vater were studied in Tokyo Bay, Japan, based on the data obtained from six oceanographic station in April, 1985. The observation of surface and underwater irradiances of sea water for eight kinds of wavelength (378, 422, 481, 513, 570, 621, 653, and 677 mm) of sun light was conducted using the underwater irradiameter (Isigawa ${\sharp}SR-8$). The mean attenuation coefficient of the sea water appeared to be 0.335($0.081{\sim}0.862$) and the attenuation coefficient of the sea water for each wavelength appeared as 0.268 for 378nm, 0.354 for 422nm, 0.274 for 481nm, 0.256 for 513nm, 0.284 for 570nm, 0.356 for 621nm, 0.425 for 653nm, and 0.464 for 677nm. The transparency was 5.0m ($2.5{\sim}6.5m$), water color was 10.2 ($8{\sim}14.0$) in the study area and the sun altitude was $53.62^{\circ}$ ($38.54^{\circ}{\sim}66.23^{\circ}$). The relationship between attenuation coefficient (K) and transparency (D) was K= 2.22/D ($1.30/D{\sim}3.54/D$). The rates of light penetration for eight kinds of wavelength (378, 422, 481, 513, 570, 621, 653, and 677 nm) were computed with reference to the surface light intensity each. The mean rates of light penetration in proportion to depths were $62.72\%$ ($42.23{\sim}78.43\%$) in 1 m layer, $11.91\%$ ($1.34{\sim}29.67\%$) in 5m layer, $2.64\%$ ($0.023{\sim}8.80\%$) in 10m layer, and $0.50\%$ ($0.02{\sim}3.99\%$) in 20 m layer. The rate of light penetration at the transparency layer with reference to the surface light intensity was shown as $12.51\%$ ($2.91{\sim}27.25\%$).