점고등어의 초기선도(初期鮮度)가 동결저장(凍結貯藏)에 미치는 영향(影響)

Effect of Initial Freshness of the Japanese Spotted Mackerel on Freezing Storage of the Fish

  • 박찬성 (신일실업전문대학 식품영양과) ;
  • 최경호 (효성여자대학교 가정대학 식품영양학과)
  • Park, Chan-Sung (Dept. Food and Nutrition, Shinil Junior College) ;
  • Choi, Kyoung-Ho (Dept. Food Science and Nutrition, College of Home Economics, Hyoseung Women's University)
  • 발행 : 1986.09.30

초록

점고등어를 $0^{\circ}C$에서 예비저장(豫備貯藏)하지 않은 것과 4일(日), 7일간(日間) 예비저장(豫備貯藏)하여 초기선도(初期鮮度)를 다르게 한후(後) $-3.5^{\circ}C$에서 PF저장(貯藏)한 경우와 $-20^{\circ}C$에서 동결저장(凍結貯藏)한 경우의 선도유지효과(鮮度維持效果)를 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1) 생선(生鮮) 피부 $1cm^3$당의 세균수(細菌數)는 PF저장(貯藏) 초기(初期)부터 예비저장일수(豫備貯藏日數)가 길수록 빠른 속도(速度)로 증가하였으나 동결저장(凍結貯藏)에서는 저장(貯藏) 36일(日)까지 세균수(細菌數)가 감소하였다. 2) K치(値)의 변화(變化)는 PF저장(貯藏)에서 저장초기(貯藏初期)부터 K치(値)의 상승(上昇)이 빠르게 진행되었으나 동결저장(凍結貯藏)에서는 K치(値)의 상승(上昇)이 느리게 진행되었으며 예비저장구(豫備貯藏區)의 시료(試料)는 대조구에 비해 전(全) 저장기간(貯藏期開)동안 $7{\sim}15%$ 높은 값을 나타내었다. 3) 휘발성질소함량(揮發性窒素含量)은 초기선도(初期鮮度)에 른 관계없이 PF저장(貯藏)에서 $20{\sim}30mg/100g$까지 증가하였으나 동결저장(凍 結貯藏)에서는 저장초기(貯藏初期)에 증가현상을 보였으나 저장(貯藏) 20일(日) 이후(以後)에는 20mg/100g 정도로 거의 일정치(一定値)를 나타내었다. 4) 유출(流出) drip는 빙장(氷藏)한 경우 $3{\sim}5%$였으며 동결저장(凍結貯藏)에서 약 $10{\sim}15%$였으나 PF저장(貯藏)에서는 $10{\sim}26%$로 가장 많았으며 total drip는 PF저장(貯藏)과 동결저장(凍結貯藏)에서 비슷하였다. 예비저장일수(豫備貯藏日數)와 유출(流出)drip는 PF저장(貯藏)과 동결저장(凍結貯藏) 모두 4일간(日間) 예비저장(豫備貯藏)한 시료(試料)에서 가장 많았다.

Japanese spotted mackerels(Scomber tapeinoephalus) were stored at $0^{\circ}C$ for 7days as the maximum, and then, they were stored again at $-3.5^{\circ}C$(partial freezing) or $-20^{\circ}C$(freezing), respectively. During storage by partial freezing, the fishes with a longer period of prestorage at $0^{\circ}C$ showed an earlier increase in the number of bacterial cells on their skin, however, it was not apparent in the freezing storage. K value of the fishes with 7 days of prestorage increased from 20% to 65.4% for 36 days of partial freezing storage, that of the fishes prestored for 0 and 4 days were 39.9% and 53.2% respectively. On contrastly, no drastic increase in K value was observed in the fishes of freezing storage. Content of volatile nitrogen of the fish muscle prestored for 4 days gradually increased from 10mg% to 29.4mg% and 17.2mg% during 36 days of partial freezing and 83 days of freezing storage respectively, that of the fishes with 7 days of prestorage showed no significant increase, moreover, it was decreased within early period of both of the storages. Free drip from the fishes with partial fleering was higher almost 5 times than that from the fishes with freezing, the highest free drip was observed from the fishes with 4 days of prestorage.

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