Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of water temperature on chemical properties of soil and nutrient uptake of rice plant, four varieties of rice were cultivated in a field where water temperature range was $17.3-23.0^{\circ}C$ and plant samples were taken at three growing stages and were analyzed in detail. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Organic matter content and pH of surface soil were showed no differences while the contents of $P_2O_5$ and $SiO_2$ were increased and potassium was decreased as the water temperature increased. 2. The amounts of nutrient uptake were related to the water temperature and the total nutrient contents of rice plants at harvesting stage were in order of $SiO_2$ > $K_2O$ > T-N > $P_2O_5$ > MgO. The rate of $SiO_2$/N and $K_2O$/N of rice plants grown at water temperature $23.0^{\circ}C$ were over two times to those of the water temperature $17.3^{\circ}C$. 3. Nutrient contents of rice plants showed a increasing tendency as increasing the water temperature. However, nutrient contents such as T-N at whole period, $P_2O_5$ at heading and harvesting stage, and $K_2O$ at heading stage were higher at low water temperature than those of high water temperature. 4. Most of nitrogen was translocated and accumulated in grain, potassium in straw respectively. All nutrients translocated to grain more easily as the water temperature increased.
관개수온(灌漑水溫)의 차이(差異)가 토양(土壤)의 화학성(化學性)과 수도(水稻)의 양분흡수(養分吸收)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)코자 평균수온(平均水溫) $17.3{\sim}23.0^{\circ}C$ 범위(範圍)에서 관악(冠岳)벼, 농백(農白)벼, 풍산(豊山)벼를, 남풍(南豊)벼를 재배(栽培)하면서 토양(土壤) 및 식물체(植物體)의 주요(主要) 무기성분(無機成分)을 시기별(時期別)로 분석(分析)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 수온증가(水溫增加)에 따라 표토(表土)의 pH, OM은 변화(變化)가 없었고, $P_2O_5$, $SiO_2$는 증가(增加) 되었으며 K함량(含量)은 감소(減少)되는 경향(傾向)이었다. 2. 수온(水溫)이 높아짐에 따라 양분흡수량(養分吸收量)은 증가(增加)되었고 절대흡수량(絶對吸收量)은 $SiO_2>K_2O>T-N>P_2O_5>MgO$의 순(順)이었다. 수온(水溫)이 $17.3^{\circ}C$에서 $23.0^{\circ}C$로 상승(上昇)되면 흡수(吸收)된 $SiO_2/N$와 $K_2O/N$비(比)는 2배(倍) 이상(以上) 높아졌다. 3. 체내(體內) 양분함량(養分含量)은 일반적(一般的)으로 저수온(低水溫)에서 보다는 고수온(高水溫)에서 높았으나 일부(一部)는 예외(例外)가 있어서 T-N은 전생육기간(全生育其間), $P_2O_5$는 출수기(出穗期)와 수확기(收穫期), $K_2O$는 출수기(出穗期)에 저수온(低水溫) 조건(條件)에서 오히려 높았다. 4. 흡수(吸收)된 양분중(養分中) T-N는 종실(種實), $K_2O$는 경엽(莖葉)에 많이 전이(轉移)되어 분포(分布)하며 수온(水溫)이 상승(上昇)되면 종실(種實)로의 양분전이(養分轉移)가 원활(圓滑)하였다.
