Study on the Clay Minerals in the Basaltic Soil

현무암토양(玄武巖土壤)의 점토광물(粘土鑛物)에 관한 연구(硏究)

The identification works of the clay minerals in the Paju series soil of an alfisol, aquic hapludalf, which is derived from the basalt were carried out by the X-ray diffractometer and with the aid of the complete chemical analysis of the clay fractions as well. It also conducted to determine the contents of the identified minerals which correspond to peaks of the diffraction lines appeared at 0.72, 1.0, and 1.4nm respectively. The expansible 2:1 minerals, micas and micaceous minerals, kaolinite minerals, and gibbsite were identified by the X-ray method. Furthermore, the X-ray results are seemed to be partly supported by the chemical analysis because of the presence of illite in the fractions could be confirmed by the values of $SiO_2/A1_2O_3$ mole ratio which ranged from 2.33 to 2.61. The average contents of the 1.4nm minerals. montmorillonite and vermiculite, 1.0nm micas and micaceous minerals, and 0.72nm kaolinite minerals are 42%, 28%, and 30% respectively. The theoretical considerations for the formations of these minerals were also given and that seemed to be well coincided with the experimental results, The presence of the Bt horizons and the kaolinite with gibbsite equilibria in the soil could be interpreted that the weathering is deeply advanced so far under the given soil environmental conditions.

현무암(玄武巖)을 모재(母材)로한 Aquic Hapludalf 파주통(坡州統) 토양점토(土壤粘土)의 점토광물(粘土鑛物) 동정(同定), 화학분석(化學分析)에 의한 $SiO_2/A{\ell}_2O_3$ 몰비(比)로서 2:1점토광물(粘土鑛物)과 1:1점토광물(粘土鑛物)의 구별(區別), 전가리함량(全加里含量)에 의한 비팽창성(非膨脹性) Illite의 확인(確認), 끝으로 검출(檢出) 확인(確認)된 주요(主要) 점토광물(粘土鑛物)의 함량(含量)을 정량(定量)했다. X선회절(線回折) 분석(分析) 결과(結果) 팽창성(膨脹性) 2:1 점토광물(粘土鑛物)(Montmorillonite와 Vermiculite), 운모(雲母)와 Micaceous광물(鑛物)(Illite), Kaolinite, Gibbsite가 검출(檢出)되었다. 이 토양점토(土壤粘土)의 $SiO_2/A{\ell}_2O_3$, 몰비(比)는 2.33~2.61이다. 이 값으로부터 Illite가 함유(含有)되어 있는것 같다. 팽창성(膨脹性) 2:1 점토광물(粘土鑛物), 운모(雲母)와 Micaceous광물(鑛物), Kaolinite의 평균함량(平均含量)은 각각 42%, 28%, 30%이다. 파주통(坡州統) 토양(土壤)의 B층(層)에서의 Argillic 층(層)의 존재(存在)와 Kaolinite, Gibbsite의 검출(檢出)은 이 토양(土壤)의 풍화(風化)가 현재(現在) 상당(相當)히 진전(進展)되어 있음을 알 수 있다. 검출(檢出)된 점토광물(粘土鑛物)의 생성이론(生成理論)과 비교(比較) 검토(檢討)해 본 결과(結果) 타당성(妥當性)이 있다고 본다.