Applied Biological Chemistry

The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistry (한국응용생명화학회)
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Effects of Water Activity on the Non-Enzymatic Browning Reaction of Dry Milk

수분활성도(水分活性度)가 분유(粉乳)의 비효소적(非酵素的) 갈변(褐變)에 미치는 영향(影響)

  • Chang, Kyu-Seob (Department of Food Science and Technology Chungnam National University) ;
  • Chang, Yeong-Il (Department of Food Science and Technology Chungnam National University) ;
  • Chun, Ki-Chul (Department of Food Science and Technology Chungnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Seong-Gu (Department of Food Science and Technology Chungnam National University)
  • 장규섭 (충남대학교 식품가공학과) ;
  • 장영일 (충남대학교 식품가공학과) ;
  • 천기철 (충남대학교 식품가공학과) ;
  • 이성구 (충남대학교 식품가공학과)
  • Published : 1985.12.30
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Abstract

This study was carried out he effects of water activity on the nonenzymatic browning reactions of dry milk powders. Samples (Dry Whole Milk DWM, Nonfat Dry Milk NFDM) stored at $55^{\circ}C$ were analyzed for $O_2,\;CO_2$ and $H_2O$ by Gas chromatographic method. The brown color which developed from the Maillard reaction was also measured by a reflective spectrophotometer. And linear regression equations and the correlation coeffcients were determined for $O_2,\;CO_2$ and brown color vs. storage, and the results are as follows. The amount of brown and off-flavor development increase as the water activities increase about 0.44 Aw during storage. Both DWM and NFDM milk products show a plateau in water absorption between the 0.33 and 0.44 water activities. DWM produced more browning than NFDM which may be partially due to the carbonyl amine reaction. The $CaCl_2$ solution may exude a water activity lower than 0.44 and varies greatly with temperatures. Oxygen is depleted as brown color development.

수분활성도(水分活性度)가 분유(粉乳)의 비효소적(比酵素的) 갈변반응(褐變反應)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 밝히기 위(爲)하여 전지분유(全脂粉乳)와 탈지분유(脫脂粉乳)를 각각(各各) $55^{\circ}C$에서 저장(貯藏)하면서 이때 발생(發生) 또는 소멸(消滅)되는 $O_2,\;CO_2$ 및 $H_2O$를 Gas Chromatograph에 의해 측정(測定)하였고. Maillard 반응(反應)에 의해서 생성(生成)된 갈색화(褐色化) 정도(程度)는 Reflective Spectrophotometer로 측정(測定)하였으며, 저장기간(貯藏期間)에 따른 $O_2,\;CO_2$, 갈변화(褐變化)의 관계(關係)를 회귀(回歸) 방정식(方程式)으로 얻었다. 즉, 저장기간(貯藏期間)동안 수분활성도(水分活性度)가 0.4 이상(以上) 갈변물질(褐變物質)과 이취생성(異臭生成)도 증가(增加)하였으며, 전지(全脂) 및 탈지분유(脫脂粉乳) 모두 수분활성도(水分活性度)가 0.33과 0.44사이에서는 큰 변화(變化)를 나타내지 않았다. Carbonyl-amine 반응(反應)에 의해 일어나는 갈색화(褐色化)는 탈지분유(脫脂粉乳)보다 전지분유(全脂粉乳)가 높았으며, 효소(酵素)는 갈색(褐色)과 이취(異臭)가 증가(增加)함에 따라 감소하였다.

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