Aflatoxin Production by Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999 in Various Varieties of Soybeans

Aspergillus parasiticus에 의한 대두품종별(大豆品種別) Aflatoxin 생성

Aflatoxin production by Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999 with two different levels of inoculum sizes ($10^2$ and $10^6$ spores) was studied on such varieties of soybeans produced in Korea as Bongeui, Hwang Keum, Jangbaek, Danyeop, Jangyeop and Namcheon. With the inoculum size of $10^2$ spores/10 g of soybeans, there were statistically difference (p<0.05) on the production of aflatoxins in the varieties of soybeans. The variety of Namcheon produced 7 times higher amount of aflatoxin $B_1$ than that of Bongeui. The variety of Jangyeop produced the highest level of aflatoxin $G_1$ among the varieties employed. Namcheon and Jangyeop were the varieties which supported high amounts of aflatoxins. Much higher levels of aflatoxins were obtained on the soybeans than on rice in general with the inoculum size of $10^2$ spores. With the inoculum size of $10^6$ spores/10 g of soybeans, significantly lower levels of aflatoxins were synthesized by the mold than those with $10^2$ spores. The variety of Namcheon resulted in the lowest production of aflatoxin $B_1$ while Hwangkeum was the variety that produced highest amount of aflatoxin $B_1$. There were no significant differences within the varieties on the production of aflatoxin $G_1$ by the mold except the variety of Hwangkeum. Lower quantities of aflatoxin $B_1$ were produced by the mold en the soybeans than on rice with the inoculum size of $10^6$ spores.

한국산 6종의 대두품종 봉의, 황금, 장백, 단엽, 장엽 및 남천을 선정하고 Aspergillus parasiticus NR-RL 2999의 접종량을 다르게 하여($10^2$과 $10^6$) aflatoxin 생성을 검토하였다. 균접종량이 적었을 때$(10^2)$ 대두품종간의 AF 생성량에 현저한 차이가 있어 남천은 봉의의 7배 정도의 AF $B_1$을 생성하였으며, 봉의와 황금이 가장 적은 량의 $AF\;B_1$ (p<0.05)을 생성하였다. 한편 장엽은 가장 많은 양의 $AF\;G_1$ (p<0.05)을 생성하였고, 남천과 장엽은 $AF\;B_1+G_1$을 가장 많이 생성하는 품종이었으며, 이들은 비교군으로 쓰인 쌀보다 70배 정도의 AF을 생성하였다. 소립(小粒) 대두인 단엽과 장백은 $AF\;B_1/G_1$율이 높은 반면 대립(大粒) 대두인 봉의 황금 및 장엽은 낮은 $AF\;B_1/G_1$율을 나타내었다. 균 접종량이 많았을 때는$(10^6)$ $10^2$ 때보다 소량의 AF이 생성되었는데 남천이 가장 적은 량의 $AF\;B_1$을 생성하였으나 황금은 가장 많은 량의 $AF\;B_1$을 생성하였다(p<0.05). $AF\;G_1$에 있어서는 황금을 제외하고는 생성량에 있어 품종간의 차이가 없었고 이 경우 AF 생성은 비교군 쌀에서 보다 적은 량이 생성되었다.