Abstract
Physical and chemical survey on western channel of the Korea Strait was made using oceanographic data from July 25 to July 31, 1983. Four water types were distinguished at western channel: runoff of the Nakdong River, Tsushima Current Waters, Keoje Coastal Waters, and Ulsan Coastal Waters. Influence of the Nakdong River was greater at Southern East Coast near Yeong-Do Island in Pusan than at Keoje Coast. General characteristics of these four water types were as follows : For runoff of the Nakdong River, transparency was within 3 m, water colour chinese yellow (number 11), surface temperature $18{\sim}19^{\circ}C$, salinity less than $31\%0$, surface dissolved oxygen (D.O.) $4.5{\sim}5.0ml/l$, contents of phosphate $0.25{\sim}0.5{\mu}g-at./l$ ; these values were the highest among these four water types. For Tsushima Current waters, transparency was greater than 15 m, waters color blue (number $2{\sim}4$), surface temperature about $23^{\circ}C$, salinity $32{\sim}33\%0$, and surface D.O. greater than 5,0 ml/l. Phosphate, nitrate and silicate were less than 0.25, 2.0, and $2.5{\mu}g-at./l$, respectively; these values were the lowest among these four water types. Keoje Coastal Waters had low temperature ranging $20{\sim}21^{\circ}C$ at surface, and high salinity greater than $33\%0$. D.O. was less than 5.0 ml/l, phoshpate, $0.5{\mu}g-at./l$ nitrate and silicate were less than $3.5{\mu}g-at./l$. Ulsan Coastal Waters had the lowest surface temperature among these four types; surface temperature was less than $16^{\circ}C$, salinity greater than $33.5\%0$, and D.O., phosphate and nitrate had very high values. It seems that these high values resulted from upwelling phenomena.
1983년 7월 $25{\sim}31$일의 대한해협에서 실시한 관측자료를 사용하여 대한해협 서수도 수계의 화학적 성분을 분석 조사하였다. 그 결과 낙동강 유출수, 쓰시마 난류수, 거제도 연안수 및 울산 연안수의 4개의 수계로 구분되었다. 한편 낙동강 유출수의 영향은 거제도쪽 보다 부산영도인 동해 남부 연안쪽이 더 컸다. 이들 수계의 특성으로 먼저 낙동강 유출수는 투명도 3m 이하, 수색 7인 황토색 물로 표면의 수온, 염분, 용존산소, 인산염은 각각 $18{\sim}19^{\circ}C,\;31\%0$ 이하, $4.5{\sim}50ml/l,\;0.25{\sim}0.5{\mu}g-atom/l$이었고 또 질산염과 규산염은 해역중 가장 높은 간인 $10.0{\mu}g-atom/l$ 이상이었다. 쓰시만 난류수는 투명도 15m 이상, 수색 $4{\sim}2$의 맑은 물로 표면수온 $23^{\circ}C$내외 염분$32{\sim}33\%0$의 고온 저염수이다. 또한 표면의 용존산소는 5.0ml/l이상, 인산염, 질산염, 규산염은 각각 0.25, 2.0, $2.5{\mu}g-atom/l$ 이하로 해역중 가장 낮은 값이었다. 거제도 연안수는 표면수온 $20{\sim}21^{\circ}C$, 염분 $33\%0$이상의 비교적 저온 고염이고 표면 용존산소량이 5.0ml/l 이하, 인산염 $0.5{\mu}g-atom/l$ 내외 질산염과 규산염은 각각 $3.5{\mu}g-atom/l$ 이하로 나타났다. 또한 울산 연안수는 관측 해역중 가장 표면수온이 낮은 $16^{\circ}C$ 이하, $33.5\%0$ 이상의 저온고염이고, 용존산소, 인산염, 질산염, 규산염은 상당히 높은 값을 가져 저층수의 연안용승으로 인한 것이 아닌가 생각된다.