Effects of Soil Pysical Properties on Workability of Agricultural Machineries in Paddy Field

논토양(土壤)의 물리성(物理性)이 농기계(農機械) 작업능률(作業能率)에 미치는 영향(影響)

This study was conducted to find out the effects of soil physical properties on workability of farm machines in the paddy fields. Various soil physical properties, workability of cultivator and tractor were investigated at three different textured soils and three levels of soil moisture conditions. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Soil strength, shear and friction resistance, plate sinkage, wheel and footprint sinkage, and slippage were greatly affected by the soil texture and moisture conditions, and the workabilities were changed by the soil physical properties. 2. Cultivator workability were high values at the range of soil shear resistance $200-450g/cm^2$, and cultivator or tractor working was difficult at below $200g/cm^2$ of the shear resistance. 3. The favorable range of soil strength for tractor working was $8-12kg/cm^2$, and $6-10kg/cm^2$ for cultivator. 4. Footprint sinkage was closely related to the values obtained by testers. It's optimum range for cultivator was 1-2cm, and tractor workability was increased by decreasing the footprint sinkage.

토양(土壤) 물리성(物理性)이 농기계(農機械) 작업능률(作業能率)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)하기 위하여 토성(土性)과 수분조건(水分條件)이 각각 상이(相異)한 논토양(土壤)에서 제반(諸般) 토양물리성(土壤物理性)을 조사(調査)하고 경운기(耕耘機)와 트랙타를 이용(利用)한 작업능률(作業能率)을 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 토양(土壤)의 경도(硬度), 전단저항(剪斷抵抗), 마찰저항(摩擦低沆), 판(板) 및 차륜침하량(車輪沈下量), 진행저하율(進行低下率) 및 족적심등(足蹟深等)은 토성(土性)과 수분함량(水分含量)에 따라 변화(變化)되었으며 이에 따라 작업능률(作業能率)도 큰 차이(差異)가 있었다. 2. 동력경운기(動力耕耘機)의 작업능률(作業能率)은 전단저항(剪斷抵抗)이 $200{\sim}450g/cm^2$ 범위(範圍)에서 가장 양호(良好)하며 $200g/cm^2$ 이하(以下)에서는 경운기(耕耘機)와 트랙타 작업(作業)이 불량(不良)하였다. 3. 작업능률(作業能率)이 높은 경도범위(硬度範圍)는 트랙타가 $8{\sim}12kg/cm^2$ 이었고 경운기(耕耘機)는 $6{\sim}10kg/cm^2$이었다. 4. 족적심(足跡深)은 기존(旣存) 기기(器機)의 측정치(測定値)와 상관(相關)이 높았고 적정(適正) 족적심(足跡深)은 1~2cm, 작업(作業) 불가능(不可能) 범위(範圍)는 경운기(耕耘機) 2cm이상(以上), 트랙타 5cm이상(以上)이었다.