Abstract
To obtain basic information on the breeding of early maturing, short plant height rapeseed varieties, the following 7 varieties, Isuzu, Miyuki, Norin 25, Rang, Yongdang, Cresus and Tower were used in diallel crosses in 1979. Maturing date, plant height and grain weight per plant for the parents, $F_1$'s and $F_2$'s of the 7 x 7 partial diallel crosses were measured in 1981 for analysis of their genetic behavior. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The days to maturing of $F_1$'s showed complete dominance for early maturing, and both additive and dominance genetic variances were significant. Number of effective factors in $F_1$'s was 3, but in $F_2$'s was 1. The degree of dominance in $F_1$'s was partial, while in $F_2$'s was complete. Both broad and narrow sense herita-bilities in $F_1$'s was high, while in $F_2$'s was low. 2. Yield per plant in $F_2$'s was controlled by additive component of genetic variance only, but $F_1$'s was different. The degree of dominance in $F_1$'s was complete, while in $F_2$'s was partial. The direction of dominance showed almost complete dominance over high yield and three effective factors was estimated. Yield per plant was controlled by recessive genes. 3. The plant height was controlled by both dominance and additive variance. Dominance was directed toward tall plant height. Number of effective factors was 2, and broad and narrow sense heritability were high in the plant height.
유채 육종의 기초자료를 얻고자 일본에서 도입한 품종중에서 특성이 뚜렷한 3개품종. 서구 Europe에서 도입한 3품종과 국내에서 육성한 1개품종 모두 7개품종을 교배친으로 하여 1979년 이면교잡을하고 1980~'81년의 F$_1$, F$_2$ 세대의 잡종종자를 재료로 3개 양적 형질에 대하여 유전자의 분포상태. 우성정도. 우성, 열성유전자의 빈도등을 검정한 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 갈다. 1. 성숙기에서 $F_1$을 유전자의 상가적 부분인 D나 Heterosis등에 관여하는$ H_1$. $H_2$ 모두 유의성이 높았으며 성숙이 빠른 것이 우성이었고 성숙에 관여하는 유전자는 $F_1$에서는 3개, $F_2$에서는 1개로 나타났다. 또한 우성정도는 $F_1$에서는 부분우성이나 $F_2$에서는 완전우성으로 나타났다. 2. 종실중에서 우성정도는 $F_1$에서는 완전이나 $F_2$에서는 부분우성이었고 우성방향은 종실중이 무거운 쪽이었으며 유전자수는 3개로 나타났다. 또한 종실중은 열성유전자에 의해서 지배되었다. 3. 초장은 상가적 효과와 우성효과가 컸으며 초장에 관여하는 유전자수는 2개로 나타났다. 또한 우성의 방향은 장간쪽으로 나타났으며 유전력은 높았다.