Studies on Change of Lipids Improvement-Meju during the Fermentation

개량(改良)메주의 숙성과정(熟成過程) 중 지질(脂質)조성의 변화(變化)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

Changes of lipid composition in the Improvement-Meju inoculated with Aspergillus oryzae were examined. To investigate those changes systematically, silicic acid column chromatography was used for analysis of glycolipid, neutral lipid, phospholipid, and gas chromatography to examine the change of those fatty acid content. Following results were obtained. The lipid fraction obtained from soaked soybean and cooked soybean were mainly composed of about 93~94% neutral lipid, whereas phospholipid and glycolipid was 4.0~5.0%, 2.0~2.1% level, respectively. During meju incuvation period, neutral lipid decreased gradually, but glycolipid and phospholipid increased. Among the nonpolar lipids prepared from cooked soybean and soaked soybean, triglyceride content was mainly composed of 88~89%, and the content of sterol ester, free fatty acid, diglyceride and sterol was higher in soaked soybean than in cooked soybean. During meju incuvation period, triglyceride content decreased remarkablely, whereas content of sterol ester, free fatty acid and diglyceride increased gradually. From the soaked soybean and the cooked soybean, the fatty acids content of crude lipid, neutral lipid, glycolipid and phospholipid were composed of linoleic acid 54~70%, oleic acid 20.0~22.6%, palmitic acid 11.0~12.4%, linolenic acid 6.0~7.8% and stearic acid 3.4~4.3% in turn and myristic acid showed the trace, palmitic acid was a little higher in glycolipid and phospholipid than in crude lipid and neutral lipid. During meju incuvation period, the change of fatty acid content showed linoleic acid and linolenic acid reduction gradually in the neutral lipid, glycolipid and phospholipid. On the other hand, palmitic acid, stearic acid and oleic acid increased gradually, the maximum value was at the 4-days. The change of glycolipid fatty acid and phospholipid fatty acid was examined. 9-kinds including traced 3-kinds was detected. It was supposed that traced 2-kinks was occurred for incuvation, and those are the matter investigating in the future.

Aspergillus oryzae에 의한 개량메주의 숙성과정에 있어서 지질의 조성변화를 체계적으로 규명하고저 silicic acid column chromatography에 의한 당지질, 중성지질, 인지질의 분획정량 및 gas liquid chromatography에 의해서 중성지질의 성분 변화를 실험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 대두 및 삶은 콩의 총 지질을 분획한 결과 중성지질 93~94%로 대부분이었고 인지질 4~5%, 당지질 2.0~2.1%였다. 개량메주 발효과정 중에 있어서 중성지질의 함량은 차차 감소하였으며 상대적으로 당지질 및 인지질은 증가하였다. 2. 대두 및 삶은 콩의 비극성 지질은 triglyceride가 88-89%로 주요 구성 성분이었고 sterol ester, 유리지방산, diglyceride 및 sterol은 삶은 콩보다 대두에서 함량이 높았다. 또한 메주의 숙성과정에 있어서는 triglyceride의 함량은 현저히 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으며 sterol ester, 유리지방산 및 diglyceride는 차차 증가하였다. 3. 조지질, 중성지질, 당지질 및 안지질의 지방산조성에 있어서 삶은 콩 및 대두에 있어서 linoleic acid 54~70%, oleic acid 20.0~22.6%, palmitic acid 11.0~12.4% 순이었으며 myristic acid는 trace로 검출되었다. palmitic acid는 당지질과 인지질에서 조지질 및 중성지질 보다 그 함량이 조금 높았다. 4. 메주의발효과정에 있어서 조지질, 중성지질, 당지질 및 인지질의 지방산의 변화는 대체로 linoleic acid 및 linolenic acid가 차차 감소하였고 palmitic acid, stearic acid 및 oleic acid는 차차 증가하여 대체로 4 일째에 최대였다. 5. 당지질과 인지질의 지방산의 변화에 있어서 다같이 미확인 지방산 3 종류를 포함하여 9종류가 검출되었으며 2 종류의 미확인 지방산은 발효과정에서 생긴 것으로 앞으로 계속 검토할 흥미있는 과제라 하겠다.