초록
수도(水稻) 등숙기간중(登熟期間中) 동화산물 전류의 품종간 특성과 식물체내 무기성분조성이 동화산물 전류에 미치는 영향 등을 구명하기 위하여 표식탄소(標識炭素)($^{14}C$)를 이용, 본 시험이 실시되었다. 곡실로의 $^{14}C$ 전류와 수기충(受器充) 전속도(塡速度)는 일치하는 경향이었고 품종 및 특성은 등숙 후기전류우세형(I형 : 아끼바레), 등숙초기전류우세형(II형 ; 태백벼, 추풍벼), 중간형(III형 ; 밀양 23호, 밀양 42호, 유신)등 3群으로 분류되었다. 질소영양상태와 $^{14}C$의 곡실로의 전류간에는 역상관의 경향을 보였다. 유수형성기부터 출수기까지 인산, 가리. 석회, 고토, 및 규산의 공급중단은 곡실입중을 약 4~12% 감소시켰으나 출수기에 동화된 $^{14}C$의 곡실로의 전류를 증가시켰고 출수 후 이들 성분의 재공급효과는 인산>고토>가리, 석회의 순(順)이었으며 규산의 재공급효과는 인정하기 어려웠다. 광합성능은 질소영양에 크게 좌우되었으며 인산, 가리, 석회의 공급중단은 단엽광합성능(單葉光合成能)을 현저히 감소시켰으나 반면에 규산의 공급중단은 광합성능을 증가시켰다.
This study was conducted to elucidate the translocation pattern of photosynthate labelled by $^{14}C$ in rice cultivars and the effects of nutrient composition on the translocation in rice plant during ripening, Showing coincidence between the grain filling rate and the translocation of $^{14}C$ into the grain during ripening period, the translocation patterns of cultivars tested were grouped by three; 1) the late dominance type (Akibare), 2) the early dominance type (Taebaegbyeo, Chupungbyeo), and 3) the semi-late dominance type (Milyang #23, Milyang #42, and Yushin). The negative relation ship existed between the translocation ratio of $^{14}C$ into the grain and the nitrogen content in plants, but not significant, The nutrient depletion of P, K, Ca, Mg, and Si in water medium from the panicle initiation to the heading stage resulted in the decrease of grain weight by 4 to 12 percent and the increase of translocation of $^{14}C$ into grain assimilated at heading. The effect of resupply of these nutrients after heading was recognized by the order of P>Mg>K and Ca. But the effect of Si resupply was hardly recognized in increasing grain weight. The photosynthetic rate was greatly affected by the nitrogen status and the depletion of P, K, and Ca decreased the photosynthetic rate in single leaf at heading, while the depletion of Si enhanced the rate.