Studies on Microbial Penicillin Amidase (Part 6) Immobilization of Penicillin Amidase from Bacillus megaterium by Adsorption and Acrylamide Gel Entrappment

미생물 페니실린 아미다제에 관한 연구 (제 6 보) 흡착효소의 아크릴아마이드젤 포괄방법에 의한 Bacillus megaterium의 변이주가 생산하는 페니실린 아미다제의 고정화에 관한 연구

  • Seong, Baik-Lin (Biotechnology Research Department Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Son, Hyeung-Jin (Biotechnology Research Department Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Mheen, Tae-Ick (Biotechnology Research Department Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Moon H. Han (Biotechnology Research Department Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology)
  • Published : 1981.12.01

Abstract

Penicillin amidase of Bacillus megaterium was recovered from the fermentation broth by adsorption on celite and immobilized by entrapping the adsorbed enzyme in acrylamide gel. The operational stability in column reactor was greatly increased by entrappment as compared with that of without entrappment. The optimum pH of the immobilized enzyme was 8.7 with broader activity profile than that of the free enzyme, while the most stable pH range appeared to be between pH 7.5 and 8.0. The optimum temperature was shifted to 5$0^{\circ}C$ from 45$^{\circ}C$ for the soluble enzyme. The values of Km and the inhibition constants for 6-APA( $K_{ia}$ ) and phenylacetic acid ( $K_{ip}$ ), were 4.55 mM, 36.5mM, and 10.5mM, respectively. No significant internal pore diffusion limitation was found since the value of effectiveness factor was 0.95. The operational half life in a column reactor at pH 8.0 was 6.8 days at 4$0^{\circ}C$ and 47 days at 3$0^{\circ}C$, whereas that of without entrappment was only 1 day and 4 days, respectively. The performance of a batch and a column reactor was also discussed with respect to the productivity. The results demonstrated that the entrappment of an adsorbed enzyme for the enhancement of the operational stability of the immobilized enzyme was useful especially when an extracellular enzyme was used.

Bacillus megaterium의 발효액으로 부터 페니실린 아미다제를 셀라이트에 흡착시켜 분리한 후 이 흡착효소를 아크릴아마이드에 포괄시켜 고정화하였다. 관형식 반응조에서의 이 고정화효소의 안정도는 포괄시키지 않은 흡착효소에 비해 크게 증가하였으며 최적 반응 pH는 8.7, 그리고 최적 안정도는 7.5~8.0이었고 최적온도는 5$0^{\circ}C$ 였다. Km과 6-APA, 페닐초산에 의한 저해상수는 각각 4.55mM, 36.5mM, 그리고 10.5mM이었다. Effectiveness factor값은 0.95로 내부확산 효과는 무시할 수 있었다. pH8.0의 조건에서 관형식 반응조 내에서의 효소역가의 반감기는 4$0^{\circ}C$에서 6.8일 그리고 3$0^{\circ}C$ 에서는 47일로 포괄하지 않은 흡착효소에 비해 안정도가 각각 6.8배와 12배로 증가하였다. 이 고정화 효소에 의한 회분식 및 연녹식반응조에서의 6-APA의 생산성을 논의하였다. 실험결과로 미루어 보아 특히 흡착효소를 고정화효소로 사용하는 경우에 포괄방법을 이용함으로써 효소반응조의 안정도를 크게 증가시킬 수 있음을 시사하였다.

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