Chemical and Functional Characteristics of Mechanically Deboned Chicken Meat and its Utilization in Processed Meat -I. Chemical and Functional Characteristics of Mechanically Deboned Chicken Meat-

기계발골가금육(機械拔骨家禽肉)의 특성(特性) 및 이용(利用)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) -제(第) 1 보(報) : 기계발골가금육(機械拔骨家禽肉)의 특성(特性)-

  • Ahn, Byung-Yoon (Laboratory of Animal Product Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Kim, Jong-Won (Laboratory of Animal Product Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Lee, Yu-Bang (Laboratory of Animal Product Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology)
  • 안병윤 (한국과학기술원 축산가공연구실) ;
  • 김종원 (한국과학기술원 축산가공연구실) ;
  • 이유방 (한국과학기술원 축산가공연구실)
  • Published : 1981.09.30

Abstract

Hand deboned and mechanically deboned chicken meat were produced from domestic broilers and spent layers. Meat yield, chemical composition, functional characteristics, storage stability and microbiogical properties were investigated. The results obtained were as follows: 1. 35% of carcass freight was recovered primarily as hand deboned chicken meat (HDM) and 45% secondarily as mechanically deboned chicken meat(MDM), total meat yield reaching 80% of carcass weight. 2. Moisture, protein, fat. ash and calcium content of MDM were 65, 12, 20, 1.7 and $0.2{\sim}0.4%$, respectively MDM was higher than HDM in fat, ash and calcium, but significantly lower in moisture and protein Total pigment content of MDM was 2.5 times higher than that of HDM, such high content being attributed to the increased inclusion of hemoglobin during the mechanical masceration of carcass in the deboning process. 3. The emulsifying capacity (ES) of MDM per g meat was only 70% that of HDM, but when ES was expressed on unit g of protein basis MDM showed even higher ES than HDM primarily due to the higher proportion of salt soluble protein fraction of MDM. 4. Since the TBA value of MDM increased rapidly after 4 weeks of frozen storage at $-20^{\circ}C$, the maximum possible storage period of MDM is estimated to be about 4 weeks. 5. Total microbial counts of MDM was approximately $1.8{\times}10\;cells/g$ showing no great difference from HDM or red meat.

국내(國內) 산란(産卵)노계(老鷄)와 브로일러로부터 수동(手動) 및 기계발골(機械拔骨)을 할 때의 수율(收率), 발골육(拔骨肉)의 화학적(化學的) 조성(組性), 기계적(機械的) 특성(特性) 저장성(貯藏性), 미생물수(微生物數) 등을 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 수동발골의 경우 35%, 기계발골의 경우 45%의 산육수율(産肉收率)을 보여 1차 수동발골을 거친 후 기계발골을 병행(竝行)할 경우 총 산육량(産肉量)은 도체중(屠體重)의 80%에 이르렀다. 2. 기계발골육(器械拔骨肉)은 수분(水分) 65%, 단백질(蛋白質) 12%, 지방(脂肪) 1.7%, Ca $0.2{\sim}0.4%$로서 수동(手動)발(拔)골육(骨肉)에 비해 수분(水分)과 단백질은 낮고 지방(脂肪), 회분(灰分) 및 Ca은 현저히 높았다. 또한 기계(器械)발(拔)골육(骨肉)의 총색소(色素)함량(含量)은 수동발골역(手動拔骨肉)의 2.5배로서 이는 주로 해모그로빈의 증가에 기인하였다. 3. 기계발골육(機械拔骨肉)의 고기 g당 유화능력(乳化能力)은 수동발골육(手動拔骨肉)의 70%에 불과하였으나 단백질 g당 유화능력은 오히려 더 높았는데 이는 기계발골육(機械拔骨肉)의 염용성(鹽溶性) 단백질(蛋白質)의 구성비(構成比)가 수동발골육(手動拔骨肉)보다 높았기 때문이었다. 4. $-20^{\circ}C$에서 냉동(冷凍)저장(貯藏)하는 동안 기계발골육(機械骨肉)의 TBA값은 4주(週)후부터 급격히 증가하였으며 유화능력(乳化能力)도 4주후부터는 낮아져 기계발골육(機械拔骨肉)의 저장(貯藏)은 4주(週) 이내가 권장되었다. 또한 저장 중의 미생물수(微生物數)는 큰 변화없이 $1.8{\times}10^{6}\;cells/g$으로서 수동발골육(手動拔骨肉)의 미생물수(微生物數)와 큰 차이가 없었다.

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