초록
1. 삼포(蔘圃) 및 예정야산지토양를 쓴 incubation시험을 통(通)하여 약토, 수용성질소(水溶性窒素)를 뺀 세척약토, 낙엽(落葉)(활엽수(闊葉樹)와 침엽수(針葉樹)), 골분(骨粉)에서 생성(生成)되는 $NH_4-N$ 과 $NO_3-N$의 양(量) 및 시간경과에 따른 변화를 밝혔다. 2. 질소방출총량은 삼포(蔘圃)와 야산지(野山地) 공(共)히 골분구에서 가장 많고 다음이 약토였다. 시간경과에 따른 방출량(放出量)은 야산지(野山地)의 세척약토구와 낙엽구에서 감소(減少)했을 뿐 기타처리구에서는 증가하였다. 삼포(蔘圃) 약토구에서 생성(生成)된 무기질소(無機窒素)의 대부분(大部分)은 $NO_3-N$였으나 기타(其他) 처리구에서는 절반(折半)이 $NH_4-N$였다. 야산지(野山地) 약토구에서도 대부분(大部分)이 $NO_3-N$였으나 기타(其他) 처리구에서는 주(主)로 $NH_4-N$였다. 3. $NH_4-N$ 생성량(生成量)은 삼포(蔘圃) 야산지(野山地) 공(共)히 골분구에서만 시간(時間)이 감에 따라 증가하였으나 기타(其他) 처리구에서는 감소(減少)하였고 특(特)히 골분구의 값이 높았다. 4. $NO_3-N$ 생성량(生成量)은 삼포(蔘圃)의 어느 처리구에 있어서도 증가하였으나 야산지(野山地)에서는 약토구만 증가하고 기타(其他) 처리구에서는 아주 낮은 값에서 거의 변화가 없었고 특(特)히 약토구의 값이 높았다. 5. 각종(各種) 유기질비료(有機質肥料)에서 생성(生成)된 질소량(窒素量)과 인삼(人蔘)에 의한 질소흡수량(窒素吸收量)을 비교(比較)하였다. 약토에는 많은 $NO_3-N$의 공급(供給)이 기대(期待)될 뿐만 아니라 토양비옥도를 높이고 토양미생물활동을 도와주는 역할(役割)이 있는 반면에 골분(骨粉)에는 단지 질소(窒素)의 공급(供給)만 기대(期待)되고 생성(生成)되는 많은 $NH_4-N$은 인삼재배상(人蔘栽培上) 위험할 것으로 생각 되었다.
1. Ginseng field and virgin soils, to which Yakto, washed Yakto, litters (deciduous and coniferous trees) and bone meal were applied, were incubated at 60% of field capacity of the soils to shed light on the production of $NH_4-N$ and $NO_3-N$ through mineralization of the organic materials being the nitrogen sources for Korean ginseng. 2. Total nitrogen content mineralized in the soils, to which the following organic materials were applied, was:bone meal>Yakto${\gg}$litter (deciduous trees)> washed Yakto, litter (coniferous trees). The content increased with incubation time in all the virgin and ginseng field soils excepting only the virgin soils applied with washed Yakto and litters of which the contents decreased. A large part of nitrogen mineralized in the virgin and ginseng field soils to which Yakto was applied was nitrate form, while a half ginseng field soils and a considerable part in the other virgin soils was ammonium form in the other treatments. 3. $NH_4-N$ content produced in the virgin and ginseng field soils applied with bone meal increased with the time, while it decreased in the other treatments. And the content in the soils applied with bone meal was very high. 4. $NO_3-N$ content showed a continuous increase during the incubation time in all treatments of ginseng field soils and only in the virgin soil to which Yakto was applied, wherease it showed almost no change in the other treatments of virgin soils. And the content in the soils applied with Yakto was very high. 5. Yakto was expected to supply nitrate enough to meet amounts of nitrogen required by ginseng with different ages and also expected to increase in soil fertility, while bone meal was expected only to supply much nitrogen of which a considerable part was ammonium form.