개암종실(種實)의 가공적성(加工適性)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) -제(第)1보(報) 종실유(種實油)의 이화학적(理化學的) 성질(性質) 및 열(熱) 안정성(安定性)에 관(關)하여-

Studies on the Processing Adaptability of Hazelnut Part I. Physico-chemical Properties and Heat Stability of Hazelnut Oil

개암종실(種實)의 가공적성(加工適性)을 검토하기 위한 기초연구(基礎硏究)로서 종실(種實)의 일반성분(一般成分), 종실유(種實油)의 이화학적(理化學的) 성질(性質), 지방산(脂肪酸) 조성(組成) 및 열안정성(熱安定性)과 종실박(種實粕)의 amino acid 조성(組成)을 조사(調査)한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 종실(種實)의 유지함량(油脂含量)은 59.6%이었고 단백질(蛋白質)은 17.3%로서 높은 영양가(營養價)가 인정(認定)되었다. 2. 종실(種實)의 이화학적(理化學的) 성질(性質)은 굴절율(屈折率) : 1,469, 비중(比重) : 0.912, 감화가 : 167.3, 천소가(天素價) : 93.43으로서 불건성유(不乾性油)에 속(屬)하였다. 3. 종실유(種實油)의 이화학적(理化學的) 성질(性質) oleic acid 가 다량함유(多量含有)되어 있었으며 olive oil 과 비슷하였다. 4. 종실박(種實粕)의 단백질(蛋白質)은 18종(種)의 amino acid 로 구성(構成)되었으며 특히 glutamic acid 의 함량(含量)이 높았다. 5. 과산화물가(過酸化物價)는 $150^{\circ}C$ 처리구(處理區)에서 30시간(時間), $180^{\circ}C$ 처리구(處理區)에서 10시간(時間)에 최고가(最高價)에 달(達)하였다가 감소하였으며 carbonyl 가(價)는 가열(加熱)함에 따라 계속 증가하였다. 6. 산가(酸價)는 $150^{\circ}C$ 처리구(處理區)의 30시간(時間)과 $180^{\circ}C$ 처리구(處理區)의 10시간(時間)의 결과(結果)와 비슷하였다.

In order to obtain the basic data for processing adaptability of hazelnut, physico-chemical properties and heat stability of hazelnut oil were invest igated, and the results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. Hazelnut showed highly nutrient value as the content of oil and protein were 59.6% and 17.35, respectively. 2. In physicochemical properties of hazelnut oil, refractive index was 1.469, specific gravity 0.912, saponification value 167.3 and iodine value 63.43, therefore, it was found to be non-drying oil. 3. In composition of fatty acids in hazelnut oil, oleic acid was contained much in comparisoon with other fatty acids, and which was similar to olive oil. 4. 18 kinds of amino acids were existence in protein of hazelnut cake and among these the content of glutamic acid was the highest. 5. The peroxide value were the highest in the heat ing at $150^{\circ}C$ for 30 hours and at $180^{\circ}C$ for 10 hours, and then decreased as the heating time were longer. The carbonyl value was increased as heating time passed. 6. Acid value of hazelnut oil in the heating at $150^{\circ}C$ for 30 hours and at $180^{\circ}C$ for 10 hours were similar to each other.