초록
산성(酸性) protease를 생산(生産)하는 Rhiz. oryzae의 효소생산조건(酵素生産條件)과 조효소(粗酵素)의 특성(特性)을 검토(檢討)하여 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1) 밀기울 배지(培地)에서의 최적(最適) 배양시간(培養時間)은 약(約) 48시간(時間), 최적(最適) 첨수량(添水量)은 $80{\sim}120%$이었다. 2) 밀기울 배지(培地)에 질소원(窒素源)으로서 $(NH_4)_6Mo_7O_{24},\;(NH_4)_2SO_4,\;NH_4NO_3$, casein, albumin의 첨가(添加)는 각각(各各) 효과적(效果的)이었으며 가장 우수(優秀)한 $(NH_4)_6Mo_7$. $O_{24}$와 casein의 최적첨가농도(最適添加濃度)는 각각(各各) 0.1%, 1.0%이었다. 3) 밀기울 배지(培地)에 탄소원(炭素源)으로서 glucose, galactose, maltose, lactose, soluble starch 의 첨가(添加)는 효과적(效果的)이었으며 가장 우수(優秀)한 glucose의 최적첨가농도(最適添加濃度)는 3%이었다. 4) 밀기울 배지(培地)에 인산염(燐酸鹽)으로서 $KH_2PO_4$의 첨가(添加)는 효과적(效果的)이었고 최적첨가농도(最適添加濃度)는 0.3%이었다. 5) 본효소(本酵素)의 작용최적(作用最適) pH는 2.4, 최적온도(最適溫度)는 $40^{\circ}C$부근(附近), 안정(安定) pH범위(範圍)는 $2.0{\sim}5.0$이고, $40^{\circ}C$이하(以下)에서 안정(安定)하였다. 6) 효소활성(酵素活性)은 10분(分)까지는 급격(急激)하게 증가(增加)하지만 그 이후(以後)에는 완만(緩慢)하게 증가(增加)하였다. 7) 효소액(酵素液) 2ml까지는 효소활성(酵素活性)이 급격(急激)하게 증가(增加)하였으나 그 이상(以上)에서는 거의 변화(變化)가 없었다.
These experiments were conducted to investigate the conditions of the acid protease production by Rhizopus oryzae and the characteristics of crude enzyme. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The optimum culture time and the optimum amount of added water to the wheat bran medium were about 48 hrs and $80{\sim}120%$, respectively. 2. The addition of $(NH_4)_6Mo_7O_{24},\;(NH_4)_2SO_4,\;NH_4NO_3$, casein, and albumin, respectively, as nitrogen sources to the wheat bran medium was effective. Of these, the optimum concentrations of addition of $(NH_4)_6Mo_7O_{24}$ and casein which were the most effective were 0.1% and 1.0%, respectively. 3. The addition of glucose, galactose, maltose, lactose, and soluble starch, respectively, as carbon sources to the wheat bran medium was effective. Of these, the optimum concentration of addition of glucose which was the most effective was 3.0%. 4. The addition of $KH_2PO_4$ as a phosphate salt to the wheat bran medium was effective. The optimum concentration of addition of $KH_2PO_4$ was 0.3%. 5. The optimum pH for the enzyme action was 2.4, the optimum temperature about $40^{\circ}C$, and the stable pH range $2.0{\sim}5.0$. The enzyme was stab1e below $40^{\circ}C$. 6. The enzyme activity increased rapidly for 10 minutes after addition, thereafter it increased slowly. 7. The enzyme activity increased rapidly to 2 ml of addition, but nearly did not increase at the amounts greater than 2ml.