THE EFFECTS OF THE OCCLUSAL TRAUMA ON THE PERIODONTAL TISSUES

교합외상(咬合外傷)이 치주조직(齒周組織)에 미치는 영향(影響)에 관(關)한 실험적(實驗的) 연구(硏究)

The author attempted to observe the histological changes of the periodontal structures induced by trauma from occlusion. Eighteen healthy rabbits were devided into two groups; control and experimental group. Three rabbits were kept as control group, while metal crowns were seated on unilateral lower molar teeth of fifteen rabbits were kept as experimental group. And the interocc1usal distance of the incisal edge was kept 1.5mm from begining to the end of the experimental period. Rabbits of each group consisting with three rabbits were killed at the intervals of three days, one week, two weeks, four weeks, eight weeks. The antagonistic teeth of maxilla including periodontal teeth were excised and decalcified for histologic preparation. The results obtained were as follows. 1. Destructions and ulcer formation of the sulcular epithelium and gingival epithelium occurred and persisted from the beginning of the experiment to the four weeks after experiment. The epithelal attachment were proliferated apically. 2. The pressure site were observed at the apical protion, where they showed compression of the periodontal ligament, thrombosis and congestion of blood vessels and hemorrhages. 3. At the pressure site, there appeared osteoclasts and bone resorption from the first week of experiment and it became more prominent at the second week with the extend into the marrow spaces adjacent to the periodontal membrane. 4. The phenomenon of bone apposition and resorption occurred at the fourth week of experiment. The reverse line of bone trabecular were more prominent. And the reactions were ceased at the eighth week of experiment.