초록
이태리포푸라재(材)의 건조(乾燥)의 한 방안(方案)으로서 열판건조(熱板乾燥)를 실시(實施)하여 건조중(乾燥中) 판재(板材)의 내부온도(內部溫度), 판재(板材)의 내부온도별(內部溫度別)에 따른 판재(板材)두께, 초기함수율(初期含水率), 말기함수율(末期含水率)과 건조시간(乾燥時間)의 관계(關係), 건조중(乾燥中) 함수율(含水率)과 건조속도(乾燥速度), 수축율(收縮率)과 복원율(復元率), 그리고 열판건조재(熱板乾燥材)의 생재비중(生材比重), 평형함수율(平衡含水率), 경단방향(徑斷方向) 전수축율(全收縮率) 등(等)을 조사(調査)하고 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 판재(板材)의 내부온도(內部溫度)는 건조초기(乾燥初期)에 급격히 상승(上昇)해서 15분(分) 동안 거의 일정(一定)하게 유지된 다음 서서히 상승(上昇)하였다. plateau temperature는 $114{\sim}119^{\circ}C$이었다. 2. 판재(板材)의 내부온도별(內部溫度別)에 있어서 판재(板材)의 건조시간(乾燥時間)(y)와 판재(板材)두께($x_1$), 초기함수율(初期含水率)($x_2$), 말기함수율(末期含水率)($x_3$) 사이에 관계식(關係式)은 다음과 같다. 3. 열판건조(熱板乾燥)의 건조시간(乾燥時間)(t)에 대(對)한 건조중(乾燥中) 함수율(含水率)(u)의 관계(關係)는 log u=4.658-0.060t(R=-0.990)이고, 건조속도(乾燥速度)(r)의 관계(關係)는 log r= -2.797-0.049t(R= -0.992)의 곡선(曲線)으로 각각(各各) 나타났다. 그리고 천연건조중(天然乾燥中) 함수율(含水率)과 건조속도(乾燥速度)는 그림 2 와 같다. 4. 열판건조중(熱板乾燥中) 건조시간(乾燥時間)(t) 에 대(對)한 판재(板材)두께 (y) 수축율(收縮率)의 관계(關係)는 log y= l.933+038t(R=0.927)이고, 판재복(板材福) 팽창율(膨脹率)(y)의 관계(關係)는 $y=-0.692+0.043t-0.001t^2(R=0.984)$의 곡선(曲綠)으로 각각(各各) 나타났다. 5. 말기함수율(末期含水率) 2%까지 건조시(乾燥時)에 열판(熱板)의 압력별(壓力別) 따른 두께 수축율(收縮率)은 압력(壓力) 높아질 수록 커졌으나 폭수축율(幅收縮率)과 두께 복원율(復元率)은 35psi에서 가장 컸다. 6. 열판건조재(熱板乾燥材)의 생재비중(生材比重)은 천연건조재(天然乾燥材)의 것보다 25% 증가하였으며, 평형함수율(平衡含水率)은 24% 감소하였고, 열판건조재(熱板乾燥材)의 항수축율(抗收縮率)은 27.7%이었다.
Press drying was used on italian poplar (Populus euamericana) to find the profitable means of drying. This study was designed to investigate the process of platen drying considering core temperature, drying time, current moisture content, drying rate, shrinkage and recovery, and green volume specific gravity, equilibrium moisture content and dimensional stability of press dried material and air dried material, The drying tests were conducted using 1.5 centimeter thick material at platen temperature of $175^{\circ}C$. The results were summarized as follows. 1. Core temperature was divided into three stages of drying characterized by period initial heating, plateau temperature and rising core temperature. Plateau temperature was 114 to $119^{\circ}C$. 2. The following predicting equations of drying time(y) in different core temperatures were developed for initial thickness($x_1$), initial moisture content ($x_2$) and final moisture content ($x_3$) 3. The predicting equaltion of current moisture content(u) was log u=4.658-0.060t as funtion of drying time(t) and that of drying rate(r) was log r=-2.797-0.049t. Current moisture content and drying rate of air drying were shown in figure 2. 4. The predicting equation of shrinkage in thickness direction(y) was log y=1.933+0.038t as function of drying time(t), and that of expansion in width direction was $y=-0.692+0.043t-0.001t^2$. 5. Thickness shrinkage was increased more than proportional at to pressure increase. Width shrinkage and thickness recovery was greatest at 35psi. 6. Green volume specific gravity of press dried material was 25% greater than that of air dried material. But equilibrium moisture content of press dried material was less 24% than that of air dried material. Antishrinkage efficiency of press dried material were obtained 27.7%.