Survey on the Fruit Rot Occurrence and Damages of Shipping Mandarin

감귤 출구시의 부패발생과 피해에 관한 조사

Penicillium digitatum SACCARD, P. italicum WEHMER, Botrytis cinerae PERSOON and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum MASSE. were the main storage diseases on the cold injured mandarin at Jeju in 1975. The losses observed through the materials used were $18.3\%$ which consists of $8.1\%$ by diseases and $10.2\%$ by water rot as the result of cold and snow damages at harvest stage in Jeju. The total amount of damages estimated at shipping stage were 915M/T in value of 135 million Won from the rot waste of 675M/T by the end of 1975. Since cold injury is known as the main factor of the fruit rot, shipping and storage process as well as disease control measures are discussed.

1. 동상해 (수부병)의 원인은 수확기의 강설과 저온(동상과율 수확직후 $10\%$, 피해과의 $50\%$폐기) 2. 동상해는 금팡이병류의 유발과 피해의 증대 요인(이병과율$8.7\%$, 동상과$4.8\%$, 부패감모량 $13.5\%$) 3. 발생 병해는 녹색, 청색, 회색 곰팡이와 균핵병등 (녹색$2.86\%$, 청색$2.3.\%$, 회색 $1.22\%$ 균핵기타 $1.21\%$) 4. 피해는 1톤당 $18.3\%$로 135kg/톤의 부패로 손실액 27만원톤(해태 2,000톤중 55.2백만원, 제주도 5,000톤중 135백만원) 5. 방제는 조기선과 및 축하와 예조, 약제처리 등으로 부패 억압(발병과 부패는 10일내에 증대, 예조로 10일간, 약제로 20일간 억제)