Studies on Microbial Utilization of Agricultural Wastes (Part 4) Effect of Acid in Neutralization after Alkali Treatment of the Wastes on Cellulosic Single Cell Protein Production

농산폐자원의 미생물학적 이용에 관한 연구 (제사보) 기질처리시의 알칼이ㆍ산중화 조건에 대하여

  • Lee, Gye-Jun (Applied Microbiology Lab., Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Ko, Young-Hee (Applied Microbiology Lab., Korea Institute of Science and Technology) ;
  • Bae, Moo (Applied Microbiology Lab., Korea Institute of Science and Technology)
  • 이계준 (한국과학기술연구실 응용미생물연구실) ;
  • 고영희 (한국과학기술연구실 응용미생물연구실) ;
  • 배무 (한국과학기술연구실 응용미생물연구실)
  • Published : 1976.09.01

Abstract

Experiments were carried out to establish the effects of acids in neutralization after alkaline treatment of rice straw, with which cellulosic single cell protein can be produced by cellulose utilizing bacteria, Cellulomonas flavigena KIST 321, previously isolated by authors. Following results were obtained. 1. Rice straw as carbon source was pretreated with 10 volumes of 1 normality of NH$_4$OH or NaOH(NaOH/substrate:40%, and then washed with water or neutralized with H$_3$PO$_4$, H$_2$SO$_4$, HCl and CH$_3$COOH. Among the above mentioned methods, neutralization with H$_3$PO$_4$after alkaline treatment was proved to be the most effective on its digestibility and SCP production. Dry cell 12.28g/$\ell$ and 78% digestibility were obtained. 2. When rice straw was treated with NaOH solution, the result suggested that the productibity of cell-mass was attained on treatment of rice straw with 6% of NaOH (NaOH/substrate ratio) for 15~24hrs at room temperature. 3. When rice straw was treated with NaOH, a volume of water to substrate is adequate by two or three fold and the amount of NaOH can be economized up to 5% for the weight of rice straw. 4. The steaming of rice straw at 121$^{\circ}C$ for 30min. in alkaline treatment of rice straw gave the similiar effectiveness to that at room temperature for 15~24hrs. and accelerated the sterilization of the substrate. 5. Finally, the level of inorganic phosphate in a medium was investigated. 11.2g of dry cell was produced at the concentration of 0.2%, phosphate (phosphorous level 0.04%) in medium even though treated rice straw was neutralized with HCI instead of H$_3$PO$_4$, and 12.2g/$\ell$ at the concentration of 0.3% phosphate (phosphorous 0.04%) on neutralization with H$_2$SO$_4$.

섬유소자화세균 (Cellulomonas flavigena KIST 321) 으로서 볏짚을 기질로 하여 단세포단백을 생산함에 있어 볏짚을 분쇄한 뒤 NH$_4$OH 및 NaOH 로서 처리하고 각종의 산으로 중화할 때의 균체의 생산성을 검토하였다. 1. 볏짚분말을 1규정농도의 NaOH, NH$_4$OH 용액 10배량으로 처리한 뒤(기질대비 NaOH 사용량은 40%) 과잉의 알카리를 수세 또는 H$_3$PO$_4$, H$_2$SO$_4$, HCl, $CH_3$COOH 등의 산으로 중화하여 기질로 사용한 결과 H$_3$PO$_4$로 중화하는 것이 가장 좋았으며 이때 균체생산량은 12.2811 기질소화량은 78%였다. 2. NH$_4$OH 처리보다는 NaOH 처리가 효과적이었으므로 NaOH 사용량을 기질대비 1~20%로 변경하여 처리후 H$_3$PO$_4$로 중화하여 사용한 결과 6%의 농도로 상온에서 15~24시가 처리함이 적당하였다. 3. NaOH 처리시 수분량은 물/볏짚비율이 2내지 3이 적당하였고 NaOH/볏짚 비율은 6%에서 5% 정도로 줄일수 있었다. 4. 볏짚의 앞카리 처리시 121$^{\circ}C$에서 30분간 처리하면 상온에서 15~24시간 처리효과와 동일한 효과를 얻을 수 있으며 멸균효과도 기대할 수 있다. 5. 배지내의 인산염의 농도를 $K_2$HPO$_4$ 및 KH$_2$PO$_4$동량으로 0.2~0.3%로 조절하면 HCl 및 H$_2$SO$_4$로 중화하여도 H$_3$PO$_4$로 중화할때와 동일한 결과를 얻었다. 즉 HCl로 중화할때는 인산염 농도를 0.2%(phosphorous 농도로 0.04%)로 조절하여 11.2g/$\ell$의 균체량을 얻었고 H$_2$SO$_4$로 중화할 때는 인산 .농도를 0.3%(인농도 0.04%)로하여 12.2g/$\ell$ 균체량을 얻어 H$_3$PO$_4$로 중화할때 보다 경제적인 면에서 효과적임을 알았다.

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